Garduño-Diaz S D, Husain W, Ashkanani F, Khokhar S
Department of General Education, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2014 Aug;27(4):358-66. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12153. Epub 2013 Aug 24.
Migrants from the Indian subcontinent comprise the largest minority group in the UK. With the process of migration come alterations in lifestyle and eating habits. The present study aimed to disseminate the valuable information, experiences and challenges faced by researchers who conduct studies with ethnic minority groups in the area of diet and nutritional surveys, with an emphasis on migrant South Asians.
The findings reported are the result of research carried out during 2008-2012, involving 1100 face-to-face dietary recalls conducted in the UK among South Asian children (aged 1.5-11 years; n = 300) and adults (≥30 years; n = 100).
Factors to consider when planning and carrying out diet and nutrition survey studies among migrant South Asians were identified and include the employment of culture-specific tools, visual aid reinforcement and the involvement of key community members and translators to facilitate recruitment and data collection. One of the best practices found when working with minority groups was the use of incentives and tangible benefits to reward study participants. It was also found that constant communication and follow-up of the study participants improved the quality of the data and the likelihood of maintaining links with community members for future studies.
From the results of in-house studies and a revision of practices reported in earlier literature, two 24-h face-to-face dietary recalls are recommended as the optimal method for the dietary assessment of migrant South Asians. To complement this assessment, ethnic-specific food frequency questionnaires such as that developed and successfully implemented among South Asians in the present study must be employed.
来自印度次大陆的移民是英国最大的少数族裔群体。随着移民进程的推进，生活方式和饮食习惯发生了改变。本研究旨在传播在饮食和营养调查领域对少数族裔群体开展研究的研究人员所面临的宝贵信息、经验和挑战，重点是南亚移民。
报告的研究结果是2008年至2012年期间开展的研究成果，涉及在英国对南亚儿童（1.5至11岁；n = 300）和成年人（≥30岁；n = 100）进行的1100次面对面饮食回顾调查。
确定了在对南亚移民进行饮食和营养调查研究规划和实施时需要考虑的因素，包括使用特定文化工具、视觉辅助强化以及关键社区成员和翻译人员的参与，以促进招募和数据收集。在与少数族裔群体合作时发现的最佳做法之一是使用激励措施和实际利益来奖励研究参与者。还发现，对研究参与者进行持续沟通和跟进可提高数据质量，并增加在未来研究中与社区成员保持联系的可能性。
根据内部研究结果以及对早期文献中报告的做法的修订，建议采用两次24小时面对面饮食回顾作为评估南亚移民饮食的最佳方法。为补充这一评估，必须采用特定族裔的食物频率问卷，如本研究中为南亚人开发并成功实施的问卷。
