Fortuna Giulio, Brennan Michael T
Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, 1000 Blythe Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA.
Dent Clin North Am. 2013 Oct;57(4):631-55. doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2013.06.003.
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by production of autoantibodies directed against nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens, affecting several organs. Although cause is largely unknown, pathophysiology is attributed to several factors. Clinically, this disorder is characterized by periods of remission and relapse and may present with various constitutional and organ-specific symptoms. Diagnosis is achieved via clinical findings and laboratory examinations. Therapies are based on disease activity and severity. General treatment considerations include sun protection, diet and nutrition, smoking cessation, exercise, and appropriate immunization, whereas organ-specific treatments include use of steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressive agents, and biologic agents.
系统性红斑狼疮是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病，其特征是产生针对核抗原和胞质抗原的自身抗体，可累及多个器官。尽管病因大多不明，但病理生理学归因于多种因素。临床上，这种疾病的特点是缓解期和复发期交替出现，可能伴有各种全身症状和器官特异性症状。通过临床检查和实验室检查进行诊断。治疗方法基于疾病的活动度和严重程度。一般的治疗注意事项包括防晒、饮食和营养、戒烟、运动以及适当的免疫接种，而器官特异性治疗包括使用甾体和非甾体抗炎药、免疫抑制剂和生物制剂。
