Pulmonology Department, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Pulmonology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2014 Jan;8(1):42-52. doi: 10.1111/irv.12158. Epub 2013 Aug 26.
Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) are the most common causes of respiratory infections. The prevalence of respiratory viruses in adults is underestimated. Meteorological variations and air pollution are likely to play a role in these infections.
The objectives of this study were to determine the number of emergency visits for influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and to evaluate the association between ILI/SARI, RVI prevalence, and meteorological factors/air pollution, in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, from November 2008 to October 2010.
Eleven thousand nine hundred and fifty-three hospitalizations (adults and children) for respiratory symptoms were correlated with meteorological parameters and air pollutants. In a subset of adults, nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected and analyzed through IFI test. The data were analyzed using time-series analysis.
Influenza-like illness and SARI were diagnosed in 3698 (30·9%) and 2063 (17·7%) patients, respectively. Thirty-seven (9·0%) samples were positive by IFI and 93 of 410 (22·7%) were IFI and/or PCR positive. In a multivariate logistic regression model, IFI positivity was statistically associated with absolute humidity, use of air conditioning, and presence of mold in home. Sunshine duration was significantly associated with the frequency of ILI cases. For SARI cases, the variables mean temperature, sunshine duration, relative humidity, and mean concentration of pollutants were singnificant.
At least 22% of infections in adult patients admitted to ER with respiratory complaints were caused by RVI. The correlations among meteorological variables, air pollution, ILI/SARI cases, and respiratory viruses demonstrated the relevance of climate factors as significant underlying contributors to the prevalence of RVI.
呼吸道病毒感染（RVIs）是最常见的呼吸道感染原因。成年人的呼吸道病毒流行率被低估了。气象变化和空气污染可能在这些感染中发挥作用。
本研究的目的是确定流感样疾病（ILI）和严重急性呼吸道感染（SARI）的急诊就诊人数，并评估巴西阿雷格里港 2008 年 11 月至 2010 年 10 月期间ILI/SARI 与 RV 流行率以及气象因素/空气污染之间的关联。
将 11953 例因呼吸道症状住院的病例（成人和儿童）与气象参数和空气污染物相关联。在成人亚组中，采集鼻咽抽吸物并通过 IFI 检测进行分析。数据采用时间序列分析进行分析。
ILI 和 SARI 的诊断率分别为 3698 例（30.9%）和 2063 例（17.7%）。37 例（9.0%）样本通过 IFI 呈阳性，410 例中有 93 例（22.7%）为 IFI 和/或 PCR 阳性。在多变量逻辑回归模型中，IFI 阳性与绝对湿度、空调使用和家庭中霉菌存在呈统计学关联。日照时间与 ILI 病例的频率显著相关。对于 SARI 病例，平均温度、日照时间、相对湿度和污染物平均浓度等变量具有显著意义。
至少 22%因呼吸道症状到急诊就诊的成年患者的感染是由 RV 引起的。气象变量、空气污染、ILI/SARI 病例和呼吸道病毒之间的相关性表明，气候因素是 RV 流行的重要潜在因素。
