Environmental Health Sciences Department, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2021 Jan;15(1):91-98. doi: 10.1111/irv.12789. Epub 2020 Jul 30.
Respiratory viral infections account for a substantial fraction of pediatric emergency department (ED) visits. We examined the epidemiological patterns of seven common respiratory viruses in children presenting to EDs with influenza-like illness (ILI). Additionally, we examined the co-occurrence of viral infections in the accompanying adults and risk factors associated with the acquisition of these viruses.
Nasopharyngeal swab were collected from children seeking medical care for ILI and their accompanying adults (Total N = 1315). Study sites included New York Presbyterian, Bellevue, and Tisch hospitals in New York City. PCR using a respiratory viral panel was conducted, and data on symptoms and medical history were collected.
Respiratory viruses were detected in 399 children (62.25%) and 118 (17.5%) accompanying adults. The most frequent pathogen detected was human rhinovirus (HRV) (28.81%). Co-infection rates were 14.79% in children and 8.47% in adults. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza infections occurred more often in younger children. Influenza and HRV occurred more often in older children. Influenza and coronavirus were mostly isolated in winter and spring, RSV in fall and winter and HRV in fall and spring. Children with HRV were more likely to have history of asthma. Adults with the same virus as their child often accompanied ≤ 2-year-old-positive children and were more likely to be symptomatic compared to adults with different viruses.
Respiratory viruses, while presenting the same suite of symptoms, possess distinct seasonal cycles and affect individuals differently based on a number of identifiable factors, including age and history of asthma.
呼吸道病毒感染占儿科急诊（ED）就诊的很大一部分。我们研究了七种常见呼吸道病毒在因流感样疾病（ILI）就诊的 ED 患儿中的流行模式。此外，我们还研究了伴随成人中病毒感染的同时发生情况以及与这些病毒感染相关的危险因素。
从因 ILI 寻求医疗护理的儿童及其伴随的成人（总计 N=1315）中采集鼻咽拭子。研究地点包括纽约长老会、贝尔维尤和 Tisch 医院。使用呼吸道病毒检测面板进行 PCR，并收集症状和病史数据。
在 399 名儿童（62.25%）和 118 名（17.5%）伴随的成人中检测到呼吸道病毒。最常见的病原体是人类鼻病毒（HRV）（28.81%）。儿童的合并感染率为 14.79%，成人的合并感染率为 8.47%。呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和副流感感染在较小的儿童中更为常见。流感和 HRV 在较大的儿童中更为常见。流感和冠状病毒主要在冬季和春季分离，RSV 在秋季和冬季分离，HRV 在秋季和春季分离。感染 HRV 的儿童更有可能有哮喘病史。与孩子携带相同病毒的成人通常伴随≤2 岁阳性儿童，与携带不同病毒的成人相比，他们更有可能出现症状。
呼吸道病毒虽然表现出相同的症状，但具有不同的季节性周期，并且根据许多可识别的因素（包括年龄和哮喘史）对个体产生不同的影响。
