London E D, Broussolle E P, Links J M, Wong D F, Cascella N G, Dannals R F, Sano M, Herning R, Snyder F R, Rippetoe L R
Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990 Jan;47(1):73-81. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810130075010.
Morphine sulfate effects (30 mg, intramuscularly) on cerebral glucose utilization and subjective self-reports were examined in 12 polydrug abusers by positron emission tomography and [fluorine 18]fluorodeoxyglucose in a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. During testing, subjects sat with eyes covered, listening to white noise and "beep" prompts. Morphine significantly reduced glucose utilization by 10% in whole brain and by about 5% to 15% in telencephalic areas and the cerebellar cortex, assuming no contribution of hypercapnia. When the contribution of PaCO2 (45 minutes after morphine was administered) was partialled out, significant morphine-induced reductions persisted in whole brain and six cortical areas. Irrespective of morphine, left-greater-than-right asymmetry occurred in the temporal cortex, and an interaction between hemisphere and drug was noted in the postcentral gyrus. In most cases, effects on glucose utilization were not significantly related to measures of euphoria.
在一项双盲安慰剂对照交叉研究中，通过正电子发射断层扫描和[氟-18]氟脱氧葡萄糖，对12名多药滥用者进行了研究，以考察硫酸吗啡（30毫克，肌肉注射）对脑葡萄糖利用和主观自我报告的影响。在测试过程中，受试者蒙上眼睛坐着，听着白噪音和“哔哔”提示音。假设不存在高碳酸血症的影响，吗啡使全脑葡萄糖利用率显著降低了10%，使端脑区域和小脑皮质的葡萄糖利用率降低了约5%至15%。当排除给药后45分钟时的动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）的影响后，吗啡诱导的全脑和六个皮质区域的显著降低仍然存在。无论是否使用吗啡，颞叶皮质均出现左大于右的不对称性，并且在中央后回中发现半球与药物之间存在相互作用。在大多数情况下，对葡萄糖利用的影响与欣快感的测量指标没有显著相关性。
