Lee Jaikoo, Park Sang-Hyeon, Eom Ahn-Heum
Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Chungbuk 363-791, Republic of Korea.
Mycobiology. 2006 Mar;34(1):7-13. doi: 10.4489/MYCO.2006.34.1.007. Epub 2006 Mar 31.
Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) have mutualistic symbiosis with plants and thus efforts have been placed on application of these symbiotic relationships to agricultural and environmental fields. In this study, AM fungi were collected from 25 sites growing with 16 host plant species in Korea and cultured with Sorghum bicolor in greenhouse condition. AM fungal spores were extracted and identified using both morphological and molecular methods. Using morphological characters, total 15 morpho-speices were identified. DNA was extracted from single spore of AM fungi and a partial region on 18S rDNA was amplified using nested PCR with AM fungal specific primers AML1/AML2. A total of 36 18S rDNA sequences were analyzed for phylogenetic analysis and 15 groups of AM fungi were identified using both morphological and molecular data of spores. Among the species, 4 species, Archaeospora leptoticha, Scutellospora castanea, S. cerradensis, S. weresubiae were described for the first time in Korea and two species in Glomus and a species in Gigaspora were not identified. Morphological and molecular identification of AM fungal spores in this study would help identify AM fungal community colonizing roots.
丛枝菌根（AM）与植物形成互利共生关系，因此人们致力于将这些共生关系应用于农业和环境领域。在本研究中，从韩国25个生长有16种寄主植物的地点采集了AM真菌，并在温室条件下与双色高粱一起培养。采用形态学和分子方法提取并鉴定了AM真菌孢子。利用形态学特征，共鉴定出15个形态种。从AM真菌的单个孢子中提取DNA，使用AM真菌特异性引物AML1/AML2通过巢式PCR扩增18S rDNA的部分区域。共分析了36个18S rDNA序列用于系统发育分析，并利用孢子的形态学和分子数据鉴定出15组AM真菌。其中，细弱古孢囊霉、栗色盾巨孢囊霉、塞拉多盾巨孢囊霉、韦氏盾巨孢囊霉这4个种在韩国首次被描述，而球囊霉属中的2个种和巨孢囊霉属中的1个种未被鉴定出来。本研究中对AM真菌孢子的形态学和分子鉴定将有助于鉴定定殖于根系的AM真菌群落。
