Shandong Agricultural University, College of Forestry/Taishan Mountain Forest Ecosystem Research Station/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration, Tai'an, Shandong, P. R. China.
PLoS One. 2013 Sep 9;8(9):e73570. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073570. eCollection 2013.
Sub-surface irrigation (SUI) is a new water-saving irrigation technology. To explore the influence of SUI on soil conditions in a cherry orchard and its water-saving efficiency, experiments were conducted from 2009 to 2010 using both SUI and flood irrigation (FLI) and different SUI quotas in hilly semi-arid area of northern China. The results demonstrated the following: 1) The bulk density of the soil under SUI was 6.8% lower than that of soil under FLI (P<0.01). The total soil porosity, capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity of soils using SUI were 11.7% (P<0.01), 8.7% (P<0.01) and 43.8% (P<0.01) higher than for soils using FLI. 2) The average soil temperatures at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm of soil depth using SUI were 1.7, 1.1, 0.7, 0.4 and 0.3°C higher than those for FLI, specifically, the differences between the surface soil layers were more significant. 3) Compared with FLI, the average water-saving efficiency of SUI was 55.6%, and SUI increased the irrigation productivity by 7.9-12.3 kg m(-3) ha(-1). 4) The soil moisture of different soil layers using SUI increased with increases in the irrigation quotas, and the soil moisture contents under SUI were significantly higher in the 0-20 cm layer and in the 21-50 cm layer than those under FLI (P<0.01). 5) The average yields of cherries under SUI with irrigation quotas of 80-320 m(3) ha(-1) were 8.7%-34.9% higher than those in soil with no irrigation (CK2). The average yields of cherries from soils using SUI were 4.5%-12.2% higher than using FLI. It is appropriate to irrigate 2-3 times with 230 m(3) ha(-1) per application using SUI in a year with normal rainfall. Our findings indicated that SUI could maintain the physical properties, greatly improve irrigation water use efficiency, and significantly increase fruit yields in hilly semi-arid areas of northern China.
地下滴灌（SUI）是一种新的节水灌溉技术。为了探讨 SUI 对北方丘陵半干旱区樱桃果园土壤条件的影响及其节水效率，本研究于 2009 年至 2010 年采用 SUI 和漫灌（FLI）以及不同的 SUI 定额进行了试验。结果表明：1）SUI 下土壤的容重比 FLI 下低 6.8%（P<0.01）。SUI 处理的土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度分别比 FLI 处理高 11.7%（P<0.01）、8.7%（P<0.01）和 43.8%（P<0.01）。2）SUI 处理的 0、5、10、15 和 20 cm 土壤深度的平均土壤温度比 FLI 处理高 1.7、1.1、0.7、0.4 和 0.3°C，特别是表层土壤的差异更为显著。3）与 FLI 相比，SUI 的平均节水效率为 55.6%，灌溉生产力提高了 7.9-12.3 kg m(-3) ha(-1)。4）SUI 处理的不同土层土壤水分随灌溉定额的增加而增加，SUI 处理的土壤水分含量在 0-20 cm 层和 21-50 cm 层显著高于 FLI 处理（P<0.01）。5）SUI 灌溉定额为 80-320 m(3) ha(-1)处理下的樱桃平均产量比无灌溉（CK2）处理高 8.7%-34.9%。SUI 处理的樱桃平均产量比 FLI 处理高 4.5%-12.2%。在正常降雨年份，每年用 230 m(3) ha(-1)灌溉 2-3 次是合适的。研究结果表明，SUI 可以保持物理性质，极大地提高灌溉水利用效率，显著增加北方丘陵半干旱区的水果产量。
