Stepień Małgorzata
Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2013;67(2):273-5, 373-4.
To assess the epidemiological situation of malaria in Poland in 2011 as compared with previous years.
evaluation of incidence of malaria registered in Poland in 2011, based on the results of the analysis of individual reports sent to the NIPH-NIH by the Sanitary-Epidemiological Stations and on aggregate data published in the annual bulletin "Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland." Case classification in the epidemiological surveillance based on case definition for malaria approved by EC in the EU countries in 2008. Only symptomatic laboratory-confirmed cases were recorded.
In 2011 14 cases of malaria were registered in Poland. All were imported from malaria-endemic countries: 64% of the cases were brought from Africa, and 21% from Asia. In comparison with the previous year number of reported cases was smaller by 21 cases. No deaths were reported. In one person who did not leave Poland in the last year there was probably a recurrence of malaria, though Plasmodium species has not been established. Among the cases with species-specific diagnosis 7 (63%) were caused by P. falciparum, 2 (18%) by P. vivax and P. malariae in one. Also in one case the mixed invasion was found. In 50% of cases the infection occurred during work-related trips, 43% in tourist trips and in one case, the student fell ill, who was in Cameroon a year earlier. Chemoprophylaxis was applied to five people but only in one person appropriately. In 2011, in connection with an outbreak of malaria in Greece, restrictions on blood donation for returnees from certain regions of Greece were implemented.
Despite marked fluctuations in the total annual number of reported cases, incidence in Poland remains low. The main problem for the Polish imported malaria remains seriousness of illness in many patients, most often as a result of delayed diagnosis.
评估2011年波兰疟疾的流行病学情况，并与前几年进行比较。
根据各卫生防疫站上报给国家公共卫生研究所-国家卫生研究院的个体报告分析结果以及年度公报《波兰的传染病和中毒事件》中公布的汇总数据，评估2011年波兰登记的疟疾发病率。基于欧盟国家2008年批准的疟疾病例定义进行流行病学监测中的病例分类。仅记录有症状且经实验室确诊的病例。
2011年波兰登记了14例疟疾病例。所有病例均为从疟疾流行国家输入：64%的病例来自非洲，21%来自亚洲。与上一年相比，报告病例数减少了21例。无死亡报告。有一人去年未离开波兰，可能出现了疟疾复发，不过疟原虫种类尚未确定。在有特定种类诊断的病例中，7例（63%）由恶性疟原虫引起，2例（18%）由间日疟原虫引起，1例由三日疟原虫引起。另外还发现1例混合感染。50%的病例感染发生在因公出差期间，43%发生在旅游期间，还有1例是一名学生患病，他一年前在喀麦隆。5人接受了化学预防，但只有1人用药得当。2011年，鉴于希腊爆发疟疾，对来自希腊某些地区的归国人员实施了献血限制。
尽管每年报告的病例总数有明显波动，但波兰的发病率仍然较低。波兰输入性疟疾的主要问题仍然是许多患者病情严重，这通常是由于诊断延误所致。
