Hundt Peter J, Iglésias Samuel P, Hoey Andrew S, Simons Andrew M
Conservation Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Bell Museum of Natural History, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2014 Jan;70:47-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.09.001. Epub 2013 Sep 14.
The combtooth blennies (f. Blenniidae) is a diverse family of primarily marine fishes with approximately 387 species that inhabit subtidal, intertidal, supralittoral habitats in tropical and warm temperate regions throughout the world. The Blenniidae has typically been divided into six groups based on morphological characters: Blenniini, Nemophini, Omobranchini, Phenablenniini, Parablenniini, and Salariini. There is, however, considerable debate over the validity of these groups and their relationships. Since little is known about the relationships in this group, other aspects of their evolutionary history, such as habitat evolution and remain unexplored. Herein, we use Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of four nuclear loci (ENC1, myh6, ptr, and tbr1) from 102 species, representing 41 genera, to resolve the phylogeny of the Blenniidae, determine the validity of the previously recognized groupings, and explore the evolution of habitat association using ancestral state reconstruction. Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of the resulting 3100bp of DNA sequence produced nearly identical topologies, and identified many well-supported clades. Of these clades, Nemophini was the only traditionally recognized group strongly supported as monophyletic. This highly resolved and thoroughly sampled blenniid phylogeny provides strong evidence that the traditional rank-based classification does not adequately delimit monophyletic groups with the Blenniidae. This phylogeny redefines the taxonomy of the group and supports the use of 13 unranked clades for the classification of blenniids. Ancestral state reconstructions identified four independent invasions of intertidal habitats within the Blenniidae, and subsequent invasions into supralittoral and freshwater habitats from these groups. The independent invasions of intertidal habitats are likely to have played an important role in the evolutionary history of blennies.
梳齿鳚科（Blenniidae）是一个多样的主要为海鱼的家族，约有387个物种，栖息于世界各地热带和暖温带地区的潮下带、潮间带和潮上带栖息地。梳齿鳚科通常根据形态特征分为六组：鳚亚科（Blenniini）、新鳚亚科（Nemophini）、异齿鳚亚科（Omobranchini）、拟鳚亚科（Phenablenniini）、副鳚亚科（Parablenniini）和锯鳚亚科（Salariini）。然而，关于这些类群的有效性及其相互关系存在相当大的争议。由于对该类群的关系了解甚少，它们进化历史的其他方面，如栖息地演化等仍未得到探索。在此，我们对来自102个物种（代表41个属）的四个核基因座（ENC1、myh6、ptr和tbr1）进行贝叶斯分析和最大似然分析，以解析梳齿鳚科的系统发育，确定先前认可的类群划分的有效性，并利用祖先状态重建探索栖息地关联的演化。对得到的3100bp DNA序列进行贝叶斯分析和最大似然分析产生了几乎相同的拓扑结构，并识别出许多得到有力支持的分支。在这些分支中，新鳚亚科是唯一得到强烈支持的传统认可的单系类群。这个高度解析且采样充分的梳齿鳚科系统发育提供了有力证据，表明传统的基于等级的分类不能充分界定梳齿鳚科的单系类群。这个系统发育重新定义了该类群的分类，并支持使用13个未分级的分支对梳齿鳚科进行分类。祖先状态重建确定了梳齿鳚科内潮间带栖息地的四次独立入侵，以及随后从这些类群向潮上带和淡水栖息地的入侵。潮间带栖息地的独立入侵可能在鳚类的进化历史中发挥了重要作用。
