Multidisciplinary Integrated Residency in Health Program with emphasis in Mental Health, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil; Food and Nutrition Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
Food and Nutrition Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment. 2014 Apr-Jun;7(2):72-9. doi: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2013.07.001. Epub 2013 Sep 18.
To verify food consumption patterns and presence of risk anthropometric parameters in schizophrenic patients, trying to assess some modifiable cardiovascular risk.
Twenty-five schizophrenic outpatients, attended at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil, and 25 healthy controls matched by sex, age and body mass index (BMI) were included. Demographic (age, sex and socioeconomic status), anthropometric (weight, height and waist circumference), clinical (antipsychotics) and dietary consumption data (food frequency questionnaire) were obtained.
There was a 40% frequency of overweight and 40% of obesity as verified by BMI, and 80% of increased risk of metabolic complications as measured by waist circumference. Most of the patients (68%) used atypical antipsychotics and no association was found between the distribution of the nutritional status according to BMI and type of antipsychotic used. There was a higher intake of total calories, calories and protein per kilogram of body weight, percentage of carbohydrates, and lower intake of omega-6, phytosterols, vitamin A and α-tocopherol by cases. Cholesterol and sodium intake did not differ between groups (365 ± 152 mg of cholesterol in cases and 313 ± 146 mg in controls; (3499 ± 1695 mg sodium by cases and 2874 ± 800 by controls).
In this sample of schizophrenic patients there was a higher intake of calories and lower consumption of α-tocoferol and phitosterols, compared to controls. There was also elevated sodium, and cholesterol intake, and high frequency of overweight and central obesity.
验证精神分裂症患者的食物消费模式和存在的风险人体测量参数，试图评估一些可改变的心血管风险。
共纳入 25 名在巴西阿雷格里港临床医院就诊的精神分裂症门诊患者和 25 名性别、年龄和体重指数（BMI）匹配的健康对照者。收集人口统计学（年龄、性别和社会经济地位）、人体测量学（体重、身高和腰围）、临床（抗精神病药物）和饮食消费数据（食物频率问卷）。
通过 BMI 验证，超重的频率为 40%，肥胖的频率为 40%，通过腰围测量，代谢并发症风险增加的频率为 80%。大多数患者（68%）使用非典型抗精神病药物，而根据 BMI 分布和使用的抗精神病药物类型之间没有发现相关性。病例组的总热量、每公斤体重的热量和蛋白质、碳水化合物的比例较高，而ω-6、植物甾醇、维生素 A 和α-生育酚的摄入量较低。两组的胆固醇和钠摄入量无差异（病例组胆固醇摄入量为 365±152mg，对照组为 313±146mg；病例组钠摄入量为 3499±1695mg，对照组为 2874±800mg）。
与对照组相比，在这组精神分裂症患者中，卡路里的摄入量较高，而α-生育酚和植物甾醇的摄入量较低。此外，钠和胆固醇的摄入量也较高，超重和中心性肥胖的频率也较高。
