Klaasen H L B M, van der Veen M, Sutton D, Molkenboer M J C H
Department of Microbiological R&D, MSD Animal Health, Boxmeer, The Netherlands.
Department of Microbiological R&D, MSD Animal Health, Boxmeer, The Netherlands.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2014 Mar 15;158(1-2):26-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.08.002. Epub 2013 Aug 24.
A key success factor in the vaccination of dogs against leptospirosis is long term protection against establishment of the renal carrier state, in order to protect other dogs, as well as humans, against this re-emerging zoonotic disease. In this paper, we describe the ability of a new European tetravalent vaccine containing antigen from Leptospira interrogans (sensu lato) serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae, Canicola, Grippotyphosa and Australis to control infection and renal excretion in dogs at 12 months after vaccination. In order to demonstrate the efficacy of all four vaccine components, four separate challenge studies were performed. For each study two groups of dogs were used (a group receiving the leptospirosis vaccine and a control group). Twelve months after the second vaccination all dogs in the vaccine and control groups were challenged, both intraperitoneally and conjunctivally, using a pathogenic challenge strain from one of four serogroups. Parameters recorded post-challenge were: clinical signs of disease, change in body temperature, total leucocyte count, thrombocyte count, presence of challenge organisms in blood, urine and kidney tissue, and evidence of interstitial nephritis at necropsy four weeks after challenge. The vaccine was able to either prevent or significantly reduce infection following challenge with the strains of all four serogroups. The vaccine was also able to prevent or significantly reduce renal infection following Canicola and Icterohaemorrhagiae challenge, and there was a trend of reduction of renal infection with Australis (serovar Bratislava). In the case of the Grippotyphosa study, challenge led to no detectable renal infection in any dog of the control group. In conclusion, in this study significant protective immunity was achieved in dogs 12 months after a basic vaccination schedule of two doses against strains of serogroups Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa and Australis.
犬类钩端螺旋体病疫苗接种的一个关键成功因素是长期预防肾脏携带状态的形成，以保护其他犬类以及人类免受这种再度出现的人畜共患病的侵害。在本文中，我们描述了一种新的欧洲四价疫苗的能力，该疫苗含有问号钩端螺旋体（广义）血清群出血黄疸型、犬型、波摩那型和澳洲型的抗原，能够在接种疫苗12个月后控制犬类的感染和肾脏排泄。为了证明所有四种疫苗成分的功效，进行了四项单独的攻毒研究。每项研究使用两组犬（一组接受钩端螺旋体病疫苗，一组为对照组）。第二次接种疫苗12个月后，对疫苗组和对照组的所有犬进行腹腔内和结膜内攻毒，使用来自四个血清群之一的致病性攻毒株。攻毒后记录的参数包括：疾病的临床症状、体温变化、白细胞总数、血小板计数、血液、尿液和肾脏组织中攻毒病原体的存在情况，以及攻毒四周后尸检时间质性肾炎的证据。该疫苗能够预防或显著减少用所有四种血清群的菌株攻毒后的感染。该疫苗还能够预防或显著减少犬型和出血黄疸型攻毒后的肾脏感染，并且对于澳洲型（布拉迪斯拉发血清型）有肾脏感染减少的趋势。在波摩那型的研究中，攻毒后对照组的任何犬均未检测到肾脏感染。总之，在本研究中，针对血清群犬型、出血黄疸型、波摩那型和澳洲型的菌株，在进行两剂基础疫苗接种计划12个月后，犬类获得了显著的保护性免疫力。
