Academy of Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S10 2BP, United Kingdom.
Appetite. 2013 Dec;71:369-78. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.09.009. Epub 2013 Sep 20.
This study examined the effects of an acute bout of low-intensity cycling on food intake and energy expenditure over four days. Thirty healthy, active (n=15) and inactive (n=15) men completed two conditions (exercise and control), in a randomised crossover fashion. The exercise experimental day involved cycling for one hour at an intensity equivalent to 50% of maximum oxygen uptake and two hours of rest. The control condition comprised three hours of rest. Participants arrived at the laboratory fasted overnight; breakfast was standardised and an ad libitum pasta lunch was consumed on each experimental day. Participants kept a food diary and wore an Actiheart to estimate energy intake and expenditure for the remainder of the experimental days and over the subsequent 3 days. Ad libitum lunch energy intake did not differ between conditions (p=0.32, d=0.18) or groups (p=0.43, d=0.27). Energy intake in the active group was greater on the exercise experimental day than on the control experimental day (mean difference=2070 kJ; 95% CI 397 to 3743 kJ, p=0.024, d=0.56) while in the inactive group it was increased on only the third day after exercise (mean difference=2225 kJ; 95% CI 414 to 4036 kJ, p=0.024, d=0.80). There was only a group effect (p=0.032, d=0.89) for free-living energy expenditure, indicating that active participants expended more energy than inactive over this period. Acute low-intensity exercise did not affect energy intake at the meal immediately after exercise, but induces an acute (within the experimental day) and delayed (third day after the experimental day) increase in energy intake in active and inactive participants, respectively with no compensatory changes to daily energy expenditure. These results suggest that active individuals compensate for an acute exercise-induced energy deficit quicker than inactive individuals.
这项研究考察了一次急性低强度骑行对四天内食物摄入和能量消耗的影响。30 名健康、活跃（n=15）和不活跃（n=15）的男性以随机交叉的方式完成了两种条件（运动和对照）。运动实验日涉及以相当于最大摄氧量 50%的强度骑行一小时，然后休息两小时。对照条件包括三小时的休息。参与者空腹过夜到达实验室；早餐标准化，在每个实验日摄入随意的意面午餐。参与者记录食物日记并佩戴 Actiheart 以估计实验日剩余时间和随后 3 天的能量摄入和消耗。随意午餐的能量摄入在两种条件之间没有差异（p=0.32，d=0.18）或组之间没有差异（p=0.43，d=0.27）。在运动实验日，活跃组的能量摄入大于对照实验日（平均差异=2070 千焦耳；95%置信区间 397 至 3743 千焦耳，p=0.024，d=0.56），而在不活跃组，仅在运动后第三天增加（平均差异=2225 千焦耳；95%置信区间 414 至 4036 千焦耳，p=0.024，d=0.80）。只有组间效应（p=0.032，d=0.89）对自由生活能量消耗有影响，表明在此期间，活跃组比不活跃组消耗更多的能量。急性低强度运动不会立即影响运动后的餐食摄入，但会导致活跃和不活跃参与者的能量摄入急性（在实验日内）和延迟（在实验日后第三天）增加，而日常能量消耗没有补偿性变化。这些结果表明，活跃个体比不活跃个体更快地补偿急性运动引起的能量不足。
