Deparment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstr 7, 80336, Munich, Germany,
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013 Dec;263(8):621-31. doi: 10.1007/s00406-013-0446-8. Epub 2013 Sep 24.
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterised by a complex phenotype including positive, negative, affective and cognitive symptoms. Various theories have been developed to integrate the clinical phenotype into a strong neurobiological framework. One theory describes schizophrenia as a disorder of impaired neural plasticity. Recently, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have garnered much attention to their ability to modulate plasticity and treat schizophrenia. The aim of this review is to introduce the basic physiological principles of conventional non-invasive brain stimulation techniques and to review the available evidence for schizophrenia. Despite promising evidence for efficacy in a large number of clinical trials, we continue to have a rudimentary understanding of the underlying neurobiology. Additional investigation is required to improve the response rates to non-invasive brain stimulation, to reduce the interindividual variability and to improve the understanding of non-invasive brain stimulation in schizophrenia.
精神分裂症是一种严重的精神障碍，其特征是表现出复杂的症状，包括阳性、阴性、情感和认知症状。已经提出了各种理论来将临床表型整合到一个强大的神经生物学框架中。一种理论将精神分裂症描述为一种神经可塑性受损的疾病。最近，非侵入性脑刺激技术因其能够调节可塑性和治疗精神分裂症而引起了广泛关注。本综述的目的是介绍传统非侵入性脑刺激技术的基本生理原理，并回顾其在精神分裂症中的应用证据。尽管大量临床试验表明其疗效有很大希望，但我们对其潜在神经生物学机制仍知之甚少。需要进一步研究以提高非侵入性脑刺激的反应率，降低个体间的变异性，并加深对精神分裂症中非侵入性脑刺激的理解。
