School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, South Africa.
Biotechnol Lett. 2014 Feb;36(2):223-8. doi: 10.1007/s10529-013-1353-9. Epub 2013 Sep 24.
Over 3,000 plant species are cyanogenic. Cyanogenesis is defined as the hydroxynitrile lyase catalysed release of a cyanide group in the form of HCN and the corresponding aldehyde or ketone. When a plant is attacked, HCN released is a self defence mechanism. A special characteristic of enzymatic reactions is that all enzymatic reactions are reversible-hydroxynitrile lyases can also be used for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure cyanohydrins which are of great importance in industry. This article presents a comprehensive review of the role of hydroxynitrile lyases, both in nature and industry, and an insightful. Areas covered include: history, discovery and natural sources of the hydroxynitrile lyase. Molecular cloning for mass production of this enzyme, including detailed information about several successful recombinant hydroxynitrile lyases is also included.
超过 3000 种植物含有生氰糖苷。生氰作用被定义为羟腈裂解酶催化以 HCN 和相应的醛或酮的形式释放氰基。当植物受到攻击时，释放的 HCN 是一种自我防御机制。酶反应的一个特殊特征是所有的酶反应都是可逆的——羟腈裂解酶也可用于合成对映体纯的氰醇，这在工业上非常重要。本文全面综述了羟腈裂解酶在自然界和工业中的作用，包括：羟腈裂解酶的历史、发现和天然来源。还包括大规模生产这种酶的分子克隆，包括关于几种成功的重组羟腈裂解酶的详细信息。
