Bista Bibek, Beck Nancy
Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 - 4th Street, Mail Stop 9406, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
Indian J Pediatr. 2014 Feb;81(2):158-64. doi: 10.1007/s12098-013-1203-8. Epub 2013 Sep 24.
Cushing syndrome is the constellation of signs and symptoms caused by protracted exposure to glucocorticoids. The most common cause of Cushing syndrome in children and adolescents is exogenous administration of glucocorticoids. Presenting features commonly include weight gain, growth retardation, hirsutism, obesity, striae, acne and hypertension. Almost invariably, linear growth is severely diminished, a factor which may be useful in differentiating between childhood obesity and Cushing syndrome. Diagnostic approaches are based on distinguishing between adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent and ACTH-independent etiologies, and consideration of the most likely diagnosis by age. Treatment modality is dependent upon etiology. After cure, important components of care include attention to linear growth, pubertal progression and body composition.
库欣综合征是长期暴露于糖皮质激素所引起的一系列体征和症状。儿童和青少年库欣综合征最常见的病因是外源性给予糖皮质激素。常见的表现特征包括体重增加、生长发育迟缓、多毛症、肥胖、皮肤紫纹、痤疮和高血压。几乎无一例外，线性生长会严重受损，这一因素可能有助于区分儿童肥胖和库欣综合征。诊断方法基于区分促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）依赖性和ACTH非依赖性病因，并根据年龄考虑最可能的诊断。治疗方式取决于病因。治愈后，重要的护理内容包括关注线性生长、青春期发育进程和身体组成。
