Dennis M B, Jones D R, Tenover F C
Seattle Veterans Administration Medical Center, Washington 98108.
J Biomed Mater Res. 1990 Jan;24(1):95-105. doi: 10.1002/jbm.820240109.
Preparatory to development of in situ disinfection of implanted catheters, silicone rubber tubing colonized by incubation with Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, or Klebsiella pneumoniae was used to test the efficacy of various chemicals in vitro. Protocols sterilizing all segments colonized for 24 h (n = 30) were immersion into 50% povidone iodine for 5 and 60 min, 100% povidone iodine for 5, 15, and 60 min, 1.2 x 10(3) ppm chlorine dioxide for 15 and 60 min, and 1.2 x 10(3) ppm chlorine dioxide buffered to pH 5.1 for 60 min. Immersion in up to 2% chlorhexidine, 7.4% formaldehyde, or 6% sodium hypochlorite for up to 60 min failed to sterilize all segments. None of 117 control segments were sterilized. Segments colonized for seven days were sterilized by immersion into 100% povidone iodine for 15 or 60 min. Use of 1.2 x 10(3) ppm chlorine dioxide for 60 min sterilized 97% of segments tested. Lower concentrations and shorter exposure times failed to sterilize all segments. Eighteen silicone rubber catheters, colonized on the outer surface, were all sterilized within 24 h by a chlorine dioxide solution placed in the lumen and diffusing through the wall to kill the bacteria.
在开展植入式导管原位消毒技术研发之前，采用经金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌或肺炎克雷伯菌孵育后定殖有菌的硅橡胶管，在体外测试了各种化学物质的消毒效果。对所有定殖24小时的管段（n = 30）进行消毒的方案包括：浸入50%聚维酮碘中5分钟和60分钟、100%聚维酮碘中5分钟、15分钟和60分钟、1.2×10³ ppm二氧化氯中15分钟和60分钟，以及pH值调至5.1的1.2×10³ ppm二氧化氯中60分钟。浸入浓度高达2%的洗必泰、7.4%的甲醛或6%的次氯酸钠中长达60分钟均未能对所有管段进行消毒。117个对照管段均未被消毒。将定殖7天的管段浸入100%聚维酮碘中15分钟或60分钟可实现消毒。使用1.2×10³ ppm二氧化氯60分钟可对97%的受试管段进行消毒。较低浓度和较短暴露时间均未能对所有管段进行消毒。18根外表面定殖有菌的硅橡胶导管，通过将二氧化氯溶液置于管腔内并使其透过管壁扩散以杀灭细菌，在24小时内全部实现了消毒。
