Presterl Elisabeth, Suchomel Miranda, Eder Michaela, Reichmann Sonja, Lassnigg Andrea, Graninger Wolfgang, Rotter Manfred
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007 Aug;60(2):417-20. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkm221. Epub 2007 Jun 22.
To test the effects of several biocides [N-propanol, a commercially available propanol/ethanol/chlorhexidine mixture, polyvinylpyrolidone (povidone-iodine) and hydrogen peroxide] on established biofilms of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from patients with cardiac implant infections and catheter-related bacteraemia.
Biofilms were grown in microtitre plates for 24 h, dyed and stained with Crystal Violet. The mean optical density (OD) and the OD ratio (ODr=OD of the treated biofilm/OD of the untreated biofilm) were used for quantification. Biofilms were incubated with 60% (v/v) N-propanol, the mixture of propanol/ethanol/chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide at three concentrations (0.5%, 3% and 5%, v/v) and povidone-iodine for 1, 5, 15, 30 and 60 min. Unstained biofilms were sonicated and plated on Columbia agar for time-kill curves. S. epidermidis skin isolates from healthy volunteers were used as controls.
Biofilm ODs of the clinical S. epidermidis isolates and the isolates from the healthy volunteers were significantly different (1.17+/-0.512 versus 0.559+/-0.095, respectively; mean+/-SD) (P<0.01). No viable S. epidermidis was detected in biofilms treated with the alcohols, N-propanol or the propanol/ethanol/chlorhexidine mixture. Incubation with povidone-iodine and hydrogen peroxide 3% and 5% led to a log reduction of the viable cells of >5 after incubation for 5 min, however, up to 10(3) viable cells were detected in four isolates after 30 min of incubation with povidone-iodine.
S. epidermidis obtained from infected implants forms thicker biofilms than that of healthy volunteers. Hydrogen peroxide, at a concentration of 3% and 5%, and alcohols rapidly eradicate S. epidermidis biofilms, whereas povidone-iodine is less effective.
测试几种杀菌剂[N - 丙醇、一种市售的丙醇/乙醇/氯己定混合物、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（聚维酮碘）和过氧化氢]对从心脏植入物感染和导管相关菌血症患者中分离出的表皮葡萄球菌成熟生物膜的作用。
生物膜在微量滴定板中培养24小时，用结晶紫染色。平均光密度（OD）和OD比值（ODr = 处理后生物膜的OD/未处理生物膜的OD）用于定量。生物膜分别与60%（v/v）N - 丙醇、丙醇/乙醇/氯己定混合物、三种浓度（0.5%、3%和5%，v/v）的过氧化氢以及聚维酮碘孵育1、5、15、30和60分钟。未染色的生物膜经超声处理后接种于哥伦比亚琼脂平板上绘制时间 - 杀菌曲线。来自健康志愿者的表皮葡萄球菌皮肤分离株用作对照。
临床分离的表皮葡萄球菌和健康志愿者分离株的生物膜OD值有显著差异（分别为1.17±0.512和0.559±0.095；平均值±标准差）（P<0.01）。在用醇类、N - 丙醇或丙醇/乙醇/氯己定混合物处理的生物膜中未检测到存活的表皮葡萄球菌。用聚维酮碘以及3%和5%的过氧化氢孵育5分钟后，存活细胞对数减少>5，但在用聚维酮碘孵育30分钟后，在四个分离株中检测到多达10³个存活细胞。
从感染植入物中分离出的表皮葡萄球菌形成的生物膜比健康志愿者的更厚。浓度为3%和5%的过氧化氢以及醇类能迅速根除表皮葡萄球菌生物膜，而聚维酮碘效果较差。
