1School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas.
Psychol Sci. 2013 Nov 1;24(11):2235-43. doi: 10.1177/0956797613492986. Epub 2013 Sep 25.
How does one recognize a person when face identification fails? Here, we show that people rely on the body but are unaware of doing so. State-of-the-art face-recognition algorithms were used to select images of people with almost no useful identity information in the face. Recognition of the face alone in these cases was near chance level, but recognition of the person was accurate. Accuracy in identifying the person without the face was identical to that in identifying the whole person. Paradoxically, people reported relying heavily on facial features over noninternal face and body features in making their identity decisions. Eye movements indicated otherwise, with gaze duration and fixations shifting adaptively toward the body and away from the face when the body was a better indicator of identity than the face. This shift occurred with no cost to accuracy or response time. Human identity processing may be partially inaccessible to conscious awareness.
当面部识别失败时，人们如何识别一个人？在这里，我们表明，人们依赖于身体，但没有意识到这一点。使用最先进的人脸识别算法选择了几乎没有有用身份信息的人脸图像。在这些情况下，仅对面部进行识别的准确率接近随机水平，但对人的识别却是准确的。在没有面部的情况下识别一个人的准确率与识别整个人的准确率相同。矛盾的是，人们在做出身份判断时，报告说他们非常依赖面部特征，而不是非内部的面部和身体特征。眼球运动表明并非如此，当身体比面部更能表明身份时，注视时间和注视点会自适应地转移到身体上，而从面部转移开。这种转变不会影响准确性或响应时间。人类的身份处理可能部分无法被意识察觉。
