Lehtimäki Sari, Lahesmaa Riitta
Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University , Turku , Finland.
Front Immunol. 2013 Sep 23;4:294. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00294.
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are needed in the control of immune responses and to maintain immune homeostasis. Of this subtype of regulatory lymphocytes, the most potent are Foxp3 expressing CD4+ T cells, which can be roughly divided into two main groups; natural Treg cells (nTreg), developing in the thymus, and induced or adaptive Treg cells (iTreg), developing in the periphery from naïve, conventional T cells. Both nTreg cells and iTreg cells have their own, non-redundant roles in the immune system, with nTreg cells mainly maintaining tolerance toward self-structures, and iTreg developing in response to externally delivered antigens or commensal microbes. In addition, Treg cells acquire tissue specific features and are adapted to function in the tissue they reside. This review will focus on some specific features of Treg cells in different compartments of the body.
调节性T细胞（Treg）对于控制免疫反应和维持免疫稳态是必需的。在这种调节性淋巴细胞亚型中，最有效的是表达Foxp3的CD4 + T细胞，它们大致可分为两个主要组；天然Treg细胞（nTreg），在胸腺中发育，以及诱导性或适应性Treg细胞（iTreg），在外周由幼稚的常规T细胞发育而来。nTreg细胞和iTreg细胞在免疫系统中都有各自不可替代的作用，nTreg细胞主要维持对自身结构的耐受性，而iTreg细胞则是对外源性传递的抗原或共生微生物作出反应而发育。此外，Treg细胞获得组织特异性特征并适应于在它们所驻留的组织中发挥作用。本综述将聚焦于身体不同部位Treg细胞的一些特定特征。
