梨状皮质杏仁核和眶额皮质的磁共振体积研究：衰老效应。
MR volumetric study of piriform-cortical amygdala and orbitofrontal cortices: the aging effect.
机构信息
Department of Radiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2013 Sep 12;8(9):e74526. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074526. eCollection 2013.
INTRODUCTION
The piriform cortex and cortical amygdala (PCA) and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) are considered olfactory-related brain regions. This study aims to elucidate the normal volumes of PCA and OFC of each age groups (20.0-70.0 year old), and whether the volumes of PCA and OFC decline with increasing age and diminishing olfactory function.
METHODS
One hundred and eleven healthy right-handed participants (54 males, 57 females), age 20.0 to 70.0 years were recruited to join this study after excluding all the major causes of olfactory dysfunction. Volumetric measurements of PCA and OFC were performed using consecutive 1-mm thick coronal slices of high-resolution 3-D MRIs. A validated olfactory function test (Sniffin' Sticks) assessed olfactory function, which measured odor threshold (THD), odor discrimination (DIS), and odor identification (ID) as well as their sum score (TDI).
RESULTS
The volume of OFC decreased with age and significantly correlated with age-related declines in olfactory function. The volume of OFC showed significant age-group differences, particularly after 40 years old (p < 0.001), while olfactory function decreased significantly after 60 years old (p < 0.001). Similar age-related volumetric changes were not found for PCA (p = 0.772). Additionally, there was significant correlation between OFC and DIS on the Right Side (p = 0.028) and between OFC and TDI on both sides (p < 0.05). There was no similar correlation for PCA.
CONCLUSIONS
Aging can have a great impact on the volume of OFC and olfactory function while it has much smaller effect on the volume of PCA. The result could be useful to establish normal volumes of PCA and OFC of each age group to assess neurological disorders that affect olfactory function.
简介
梨状皮层和皮质杏仁核（PCA）以及眶额皮层（OFC）被认为是与嗅觉相关的大脑区域。本研究旨在阐明每个年龄段（20.0-70.0 岁）PCA 和 OFC 的正常体积，以及 PCA 和 OFC 的体积是否会随着年龄的增长和嗅觉功能的下降而减小。
方法
排除所有导致嗅觉功能障碍的主要原因后，我们招募了 111 名健康的右利手参与者（54 名男性，57 名女性），年龄在 20.0 至 70.0 岁之间，参加了这项研究。使用高分辨率 3-D MRI 的连续 1-mm 厚冠状切片来测量 PCA 和 OFC 的体积。使用经过验证的嗅觉功能测试（Sniffin' Sticks）评估嗅觉功能，该测试测量气味阈值（THD）、气味辨别（DIS）和气味识别（ID）以及它们的总分（TDI）。
结果
OFC 的体积随年龄的增长而减小，并且与年龄相关的嗅觉功能下降显著相关。OFC 的体积存在显著的年龄组差异，尤其是在 40 岁以后（p < 0.001），而嗅觉功能在 60 岁以后显著下降（p < 0.001）。PCA 未发现类似的与年龄相关的体积变化（p = 0.772）。此外，在右侧，OFC 和 DIS 之间存在显著相关性（p = 0.028），在两侧，OFC 和 TDI 之间存在显著相关性（p < 0.05）。PCA 则没有类似的相关性。
结论
衰老对 OFC 的体积和嗅觉功能有很大的影响，而对 PCA 的体积影响较小。这一结果有助于建立每个年龄组 PCA 和 OFC 的正常体积，以评估影响嗅觉功能的神经紊乱。
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