Norman A W
Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside 92521.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1990 Feb;51(2):290-300. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/51.2.290.
The process of intestinal calcium absorption represents the mechanism for dietary calcium to enter into the physiological processes that contribute both to the skeletal growth of the organism and to the maintenance of calcium homeostasis (both intracellular and extracellular). Because there is a large variation worldwide in the availability of dietary calcium (300-1500 g/d for man) and because there is a changing physiological need throughout life (growth, puberty, pregnancy, lactation, and menopause) for absorption of 50-500 mg/d of dietary calcium, it is essential that the process of intestinal calcium absorption be adaptable and responsive to both the dietary and physiological circumstances. This article reviews the evidence that this adaptation process is largely orchestrated by the vitamin D endocrine system. In this model the steroid hormone 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol has been shown to stimulate intestinal calcium absorption by both genomic (receptor mediated) and nongenomic (transcaltachia mediated) mechanisms.
肠道钙吸收过程代表了膳食钙进入生理过程的机制，这一过程对生物体的骨骼生长以及钙稳态（细胞内和细胞外）的维持均有贡献。由于全球范围内膳食钙的摄入量差异很大（男性为每日300 - 1500毫克），并且由于一生中对每日50 - 500毫克膳食钙吸收的生理需求不断变化（生长、青春期、怀孕、哺乳和更年期），肠道钙吸收过程必须具有适应性并能对膳食和生理状况做出反应。本文综述了证据表明这种适应过程在很大程度上是由维生素D内分泌系统协调的。在这个模型中，类固醇激素1,25 - 二羟胆钙化醇已被证明通过基因组（受体介导）和非基因组（快速钙转运介导）机制刺激肠道钙吸收。
