Smith R S, Parks E
Johnson & Johnson Biotechnology Center, San Diego, CA 92121.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1990 Mar;114(3):254-8.
Detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is the standard method to screen blood products. With the description of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 as a second retrovirus involved in the pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, additional laboratory testing is required to screen blood products. However, owing to the serological cross-reactivity of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 at the molecular level, it is impossible to distinguish human immunodeficiency virus type 2-infected blood with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays formatted with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral lysates. Synthetic peptides from the conserved envelope region of the human immunodeficiency virus transmembrane protein offer a new approach to develop site-specific diagnostic assays that will identify and discriminate between human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2.
采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测抗1型人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体是筛查血液制品的标准方法。随着2型人类免疫缺陷病毒作为第二种参与获得性免疫缺陷综合征发病机制的逆转录病毒被发现，需要进行额外的实验室检测来筛查血液制品。然而，由于1型和2型人类免疫缺陷病毒在分子水平上存在血清学交叉反应，使用1型人类免疫缺陷病毒病毒裂解物进行酶联免疫吸附测定无法区分感染了2型人类免疫缺陷病毒的血液。来自人类免疫缺陷病毒跨膜蛋白保守包膜区域的合成肽为开发位点特异性诊断检测提供了一种新方法，该检测将识别并区分1型和2型人类免疫缺陷病毒。
