Mitchell K J
MCAT Program, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, D.C 20036.
Acad Med. 1990 Mar;65(3):149-58. doi: 10.1097/00001888-199003000-00005.
This paper addresses the predictive value for performance in medical school of undergraduate grades, the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT), information on the selectivity of the undergraduate institution, and selected transcript data. The performance data examined were basic science grades; clinical science grades; scores on National Board of Medical Examiners examinations, Parts I, II, and III; and information on academic difficulty. Methodological sources of differences in validity data, including restriction in range, criterion attenuation, and method specificity, are discussed. Reported validity data affirm the substantial value of traditional academic predictors of performance in medical school. Selection committees should, nevertheless, supplement academic data with nonacademic and interview information. Their inclusion is particularly important for minority and disadvantaged applicants. Medical schools should assess the validity of their selection systems. Additional research on the relations between academic predictors and performance-based indexes of clinical competence and on the role of traditional predictors with regard to the recently declining medical school applicant pool is suggested.
本文探讨了本科成绩、医学院入学考试（MCAT）、本科院校的选拔性信息以及部分成绩单数据对医学院学习表现的预测价值。所考察的表现数据包括基础科学成绩、临床科学成绩、美国国家医学考试委员会第一、二、三部分考试的分数以及学业难度信息。文中讨论了效度数据差异的方法学来源，包括范围限制、标准衰减和方法特异性。报告的效度数据证实了医学院学习表现传统学术预测指标的重要价值。然而，选拔委员会应通过非学术信息和面试信息来补充学术数据。这些信息的纳入对少数族裔和弱势申请人尤为重要。医学院应评估其选拔系统的效度。建议进一步研究学术预测指标与基于表现的临床能力指标之间的关系，以及传统预测指标在近期医学院申请人数下降方面所起的作用。
