Sedlacek W E, Prieto D O
University of Maryland, College Park 20742.
Acad Med. 1990 Mar;65(3):161-6. doi: 10.1097/00001888-199003000-00007.
Despite recent attention to minority student recruitment and retention, data on predicting the success of minority medical students are scarce. Traditional predictors (college grades and scores on the Medical College Admission Test) have modest correlations with medical school grades and scores on the National Board of Medical Examiners examination for minority students. Nonetheless, admission committees also consider nontraditional variables when selecting minority students. Measures of nontraditional variables seem to assess types of intelligence not covered by traditional means. A system of organizing nontraditional or noncognitive variables into eight dimensions is proposed. The dimensions are self-concept, realistic, self-appraisal, understanding and dealing with racism, long-range goals, having a strong support person, showing leadership, having community involvement, and nontraditional knowledge acquired. Further, assessment should place more emphasis on recognizing and defining problems and on performance rather than knowledge. Combining traditional and nontraditional methods is best in selecting minority students, and sufficiently well developed measures exist in each area to make this a practical recommendation for any admission program.
尽管最近对少数族裔学生的招募和留用颇为关注，但有关预测少数族裔医学生成功与否的数据却很匮乏。传统的预测指标（大学成绩和医学院入学考试分数）与少数族裔学生在医学院的成绩以及美国国家医学考试委员会考试的分数之间的相关性一般。尽管如此，招生委员会在选拔少数族裔学生时也会考虑非传统变量。非传统变量的衡量标准似乎能评估传统方式未涵盖的智力类型。本文提出了一个将非传统或非认知变量组织成八个维度的系统。这些维度包括自我概念、现实性、自我评估、理解和应对种族主义、长期目标、拥有强大的支持者、展现领导力、参与社区活动以及获取的非传统知识。此外，评估应更加强调识别和界定问题以及表现而非知识。在选拔少数族裔学生时，将传统方法和非传统方法结合起来是最佳选择，并且每个领域都有足够完善的衡量标准，使其成为任何招生项目的切实可行建议。
