Wharton M, Cochi S L, Williams W W
Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1990 Mar;4(1):47-73.
With widespread use of the live virus vaccines for measles, mumps, and rubella, there has been a dramatic decrease in the incidence of all three diseases. At the same time, an increasing proportion of the remaining cases are occurring in adolescents and adults. Thus, vaccinations for these three diseases of childhood must be included in a comprehensive program for adult immunization. The vaccines have a proven history of safety and efficacy and are usually administered together as combined measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Vaccination for measles, mumps, and rubella is particularly important for susceptible adults likely to come in contact with infected children. Adults at particularly high risk for exposure may include daycare center workers, teachers and other school employees, college students, medical personnel, and those planning to travel outside the United States.
随着麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹减毒活疫苗的广泛使用，这三种疾病的发病率都显著下降。与此同时，其余病例中越来越大的比例出现在青少年和成年人中。因此，这三种儿童疾病的疫苗接种必须纳入成人免疫综合计划。这些疫苗有着经证实的安全和有效历史，通常作为麻疹 - 腮腺炎 - 风疹联合疫苗（MMR疫苗）一起接种。对于可能接触受感染儿童的易感成年人来说，麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗接种尤为重要。接触风险特别高的成年人可能包括日托中心工作人员、教师和其他学校雇员、大学生、医务人员以及计划前往美国境外旅行的人。
