Reingle Jennifer M, Maldonado-Molina Mildred M
University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Int Crim Justice Rev. 2012 Jun 1;22(2):123-138. doi: 10.1177/1057567712443966.
The purpose of this article is to evaluate the victim-offender overlap among a nationally representative sample of Native American adolescents and young adults. Data for this study were obtained from 338 Native American youth who participated in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) Waves I-IV. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to estimate trajectories of violence and victimization separately. Bivariate tests were used to assess the overlap between victimization and violent trajectory groups. Multinomial regression procedures were used to assess the predictors of victimization, offending, and the overlap category of both victimization and offending. Three trajectory groups were found for violence (nonviolent, escalators, and desistors) and victimization (nonvictim, decreasing victimization, and increasing victimization). We found substantial evidence of an overlap between victimization and offending among Native Americans, as 27.5% of the sample reported both victimization and offending. Those in the overlap group had greater number of risk factors present at baseline. These results suggest that the victim-offender overlap is present in Native American adolescents. Explanations and implications are discussed.
本文旨在评估全美有代表性的美洲原住民青少年和青年样本中的受害者与犯罪者重叠情况。本研究的数据来自338名参与了青少年健康全国纵向研究（Add Health）第一至第四轮调查的美洲原住民青年。基于群体的轨迹模型分别用于估计暴力和受害情况的轨迹。双变量检验用于评估受害情况与暴力轨迹组之间的重叠。多项回归程序用于评估受害、犯罪以及受害与犯罪重叠类别的预测因素。暴力情况（非暴力、升级者和停止者）和受害情况（非受害者、受害情况减少者和受害情况增加者）分别发现了三个轨迹组。我们发现了大量证据表明美洲原住民中受害与犯罪之间存在重叠，因为27.5%的样本报告了既受害又犯罪的情况。重叠组中的人在基线时存在更多风险因素。这些结果表明美洲原住民青少年中存在受害者与犯罪者重叠情况。文中讨论了解释和影响。
