来自摩洛哥西部里夫地区的野生头状百里香：精油成分、化学均匀性及产量变异性

Wild Thymbra capitata from Western Rif (Morocco): essential oil composition, chemical homogeneity and yield variability.

作者信息

Bakhy Khadija, Benlhabib Ouafae, Al Faiz Chaouki, Bighelli Ange, Casanova Joseph, Tomi Felix

机构信息

Institut national de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), BP 6570 Rabat-Instituts, Maroc Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, BP 6202 Rabat-Instituts, Maroc.

出版信息

Nat Prod Commun. 2013 Aug;8(8):1155-8.

PMID:24079192

Abstract

Essential oils (EO, 15 collective samples and 47 individual samples) of Thymbra capitata collected from Moroccan Western Rif were analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) in combination with retention indices (RI), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-SM) and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Twenty components were identified. Carvacrol (68.2%-85.9%) was by far the major component of all the samples, while the content of thymol (0.1-0.3%) was very low. Other components present in appreciable amounts were gamma-terpinene (up to 8.9%), p-cymene (up to 7.1%), linalool (up to 4.4%) and (E)-beta-caryophyllene (up to 4.1%). In contrast, the yield of EO varied drastically from sample to sample (0.5-3.7%). No correlation could be established between yield of EO and altitude, pH, chemical composition and granularity of the soil. Cultivation under controlled conditions is suggested to improve the quantitative characteristics of carvacrol-rich Moroccan T. capitata.

摘要

对从摩洛哥西里夫采集的头状百里香精油（EO，15个混合样品和47个单独样品）进行了分析，采用气相色谱（GC）结合保留指数（RI）、气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-SM）和13C核磁共振光谱法。鉴定出20种成分。香芹酚（68.2%-85.9%）是所有样品中迄今为止的主要成分，而百里香酚的含量（0.1-0.3%）非常低。其他含量可观的成分有γ-萜品烯（高达8.9%）、对伞花烃（高达7.1%）、芳樟醇（高达4.4%）和（E）-β-石竹烯（高达4.1%）。相比之下，精油的产量在不同样品间差异很大（0.5-3.7%）。精油产量与海拔、土壤pH值、化学成分和粒度之间无法建立相关性。建议在可控条件下种植，以改善富含香芹酚的摩洛哥头状百里香的定量特性。