Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology , 6502 South Archer Road, Bedford Park, Illinois 60501, United States.
J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Nov 13;61(45):10670-6. doi: 10.1021/jf401873z. Epub 2013 Nov 1.
The aim of this study was to conduct a survey of arsenic (As) content in rice cereals for infants. The analysis was based on the FDA Elemental Analysis Manual (EAM 4.11). An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used to determine total As. Due to the different toxicities of the chemical forms of arsenic, the ICP-MS coupled to a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) was used to perform As speciation. The total and speciated arsenic was determined in 31 different infant rice cereals sold in U.S. supermarkets. The mass fraction of total inorganic As (iAs; sum of arsenite As(III) and arsenate As(V)) concentrations ranged between 55.5 ± 1.3 and 158.0 ± 6.0 μg/kg. The average total arsenic and iAs concentrations in infant rice cereal were 174.4 and 101.4 μg/kg, respectively. There was no substantial difference in iAs levels between organic and conventional rice cereals. The mixed-grain rice cereal contained the least total (105 μg/kg) and inorganic arsenic (63 μg/kg). The major detected organoarsenical species was dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). Monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) was not detected, or only trace levels were found. Spiked sample percent recoveries for iAs, DMA, and MMA ranged from a low of 97.3% for iAs to a high of 115.0% for DMA. Results for speciated and total As in the National Institute of Standards and Technology standard reference material rice flour (NIST SRM 1568) were in good agreement with certified values. In the NIST SRM 1568 sample (n = 5) repeatability (%RSD) was 2.8% for iAs, 1.7% for DMA and species sum, and 5.3% for the total arsenic by As total method. The average percent mass balance was 99.9 ± 6.3% for the NIST SRM 1568 sample. This study provides new and much needed information on arsenic levels in rice-based infant cereals.
本研究旨在对婴儿食用的米粉进行砷含量调查。分析基于 FDA 元素分析手册 (EAM 4.11)。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪 (ICP-MS) 测定总砷。由于砷的化学形态具有不同的毒性，因此采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪与高效液相色谱 (HPLC) 联用进行砷形态分析。本研究在美国超市中销售的 31 种不同婴儿米粉中测定总砷和砷形态。总无机砷 (iAs；亚砷酸盐 As(III)和砷酸盐 As(V)之和) 浓度范围为 55.5 ± 1.3 至 158.0 ± 6.0 μg/kg。婴儿米粉中总砷和 iAs 的平均浓度分别为 174.4 和 101.4 μg/kg。有机和常规米粉中 iAs 水平无显著差异。混合谷物米粉中总砷 (105 μg/kg) 和无机砷 (63 μg/kg) 含量最低。主要检测到的有机砷化合物为二甲基砷酸 (DMA)。未检测到一甲基砷酸 (MMA)，或仅检测到痕量 MMA。iAs、DMA 和 MMA 的加标样品回收率范围为 97.3% (iAs) 至 115.0% (DMA)。国家标准与技术研究所标准参考物质米粉 (NIST SRM 1568) 中砷形态和总砷的测定结果与认证值吻合良好。在 NIST SRM 1568 样品 (n = 5) 中，iAs 的重复性 (%RSD) 为 2.8%，DMA 和形态总和的重复性为 1.7%，总砷方法的总砷重复性为 5.3%。NIST SRM 1568 样品的平均质量平衡百分比为 99.9 ± 6.3%。本研究提供了有关婴儿食用米粉中砷含量的新的、急需的信息。
