Diaz V A, Mainous A G, Gavin J K, Wilson D
Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, S.C., USA.
Public Health Genomics. 2014;17(1):1-6. doi: 10.1159/000354785. Epub 2013 Sep 27.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Patient concerns regarding personalized medicine may limit its use. This study assesses racial differences in attitudes toward personalized medicine, evaluating variables that may influence these attitudes.
A convenience sample of 190 adults (≥18 years) from an academic primary care practice was surveyed regarding awareness and acceptance of personalized medicine, plus concerns and benefits regarding its use. Logistic regressions predicting awareness, acceptance and concerns were performed, controlling for race, gender, marital status, education, children, internet use, and self-reported discrimination.
The sample was 35% non-Hispanic white (NHW) and 34.7% male. More NHW participants expressed acceptance of personalized medicine than non-Hispanic black (NHB) participants (94.4 vs. 81.9%, p = 0.0190). More NHBs were concerned about the use of genes without consent (57.3 vs. 20.6%, p < 0.0001), sharing genetic information without consent (65.0 vs. 35.6%, p < 0.0001), discrimination based on genes (62.4 vs. 34.3%, p = 0.0002), and lack of access due to cost (75.0 vs. 48.0%, p = 0.0002). In logistic regressions, NHBs (OR = 7.46, 95% CI = 3.04-18.32) and those self-reporting discrimination (OR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.22-6.78) had more concerns about the misuse of genes and costs associated with personalized medicine.
Racial differences exist in attitudes toward personalized medicine and may be influenced by self-reported discrimination. Further study to understand factors influencing the acceptance of personalized medicine could help encourage its use.
背景/目的：患者对个性化医疗的担忧可能会限制其应用。本研究评估了对个性化医疗态度上的种族差异，并对可能影响这些态度的变量进行了评估。
对来自一家学术性初级医疗诊所的190名成年人（≥18岁）进行便利抽样调查，内容包括对个性化医疗的认知与接受程度，以及对其使用的担忧和益处。进行了预测认知、接受程度和担忧的逻辑回归分析，并控制了种族、性别、婚姻状况、教育程度、子女情况、互联网使用情况以及自我报告的歧视情况。
样本中35%为非西班牙裔白人（NHW），34.7%为男性。与非西班牙裔黑人（NHB）参与者相比，更多的NHW参与者表示接受个性化医疗（94.4%对81.9%，p = 0.0190）。更多的NHB参与者担心未经同意使用基因（57.3%对20.6%，p < 0.0001）、未经同意分享基因信息（65.0%对35.6%，p < 0.0001）、基于基因的歧视（62.4%对34.3%，p = 0.0002）以及因费用而无法获得（75.0%对48.0%，p = 0.0002）。在逻辑回归分析中，NHB参与者（比值比[OR] = 7.46，95%置信区间[CI] = 3.04 - 18.32）和自我报告有歧视经历的参与者（OR = 2.87，95% CI = 1.22 - 6.78）对基因滥用和与个性化医疗相关的费用更为担忧。
对个性化医疗的态度存在种族差异，且可能受到自我报告的歧视影响。进一步研究以了解影响个性化医疗接受程度的因素，可能有助于促进其应用。
