Department of Entomology and Wildlife, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2013 Nov;6(11):859-64. doi: 10.1016/S1995-7645(13)60153-4.
To determine resistance status of Culex species to different class of insecticides and assess the major anti-mosquito strategies employed by urban households and their possible effects on malaria acquisition.
Structured questionnaires were randomly administered to obtain information on demographic characteristics, measures that people use to prevent mosquito bites and their perception of where mosquitoes breed in their communities. Adult susceptibility assays were also carried out using WHO discriminating dosages of four insecticides from different chemical classes against Culex species.
Majority of respondents (54.75%) preferred the use of domestic insecticides in the form of aerosols and coils. Among households that used domestic insecticides, the use of coil was most frequent (62.9%) with a mean (95% CI) of 9.18 (8.99, 9.37) coils per week. Strong level of pyrethroid-resistance and multiple insecticide resistance in Culex species were also detected in some of the study sites.
The excessive use of domestic insecticides and high level of resistance in Culex species observed in the study area has implications for the ITN component of the nation's malaria control program in more subtle ways. People will lose interest in the use of ITN when it fails to protect users from bites of resistant Culex species. Excessive use of domestic insecticides may also select resistance in both malaria vectors and Culex species. On this account we recommend that nuisance mosquitoes must be controlled as part of malaria control programs to improve acceptance and utilization of ITN.
确定库蚊属对不同类别的杀虫剂的抗药性状况，并评估城市家庭采用的主要驱蚊策略及其对疟疾感染的可能影响。
采用问卷调查法，随机收集人口统计学特征、人们预防蚊虫叮咬的措施以及他们对社区中蚊子滋生地的看法等信息。还使用世界卫生组织（WHO）不同化学类别的四种杀虫剂的鉴别剂量对库蚊属进行了成虫敏感性测定。
大多数受访者（54.75%）更喜欢使用气雾剂和蚊香等家用杀虫剂。在使用家用杀虫剂的家庭中，蚊香的使用频率最高（62.9%），每周平均（95%CI）使用 9.18（8.99，9.37）个蚊香。在一些研究地点还检测到库蚊属对拟除虫菊酯的高度抗性和多种杀虫剂的抗性。
在研究区域观察到的库蚊属过度使用家用杀虫剂和高水平的抗药性，对国家疟疾控制规划中的 ITN 部分产生了更微妙的影响。当 ITN 未能保护使用者免受抗药性库蚊属的叮咬时，人们将失去对 ITN 的使用兴趣。过度使用家用杀虫剂也可能选择疟疾媒介和库蚊属的抗药性。因此，我们建议将滋扰性蚊子的控制作为疟疾控制规划的一部分，以提高对 ITN 的接受度和使用率。
