Low J A, Galbraith R S, Muir D W, Killen H L, Pater E A, Karchmar E J
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1985 Jun 1;152(3):256-60. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(85)80205-2.
Newborn encephalopathy was observed in 30% of 303 selected high-risk preterm and term newborn infants. The newborn encephalopathy was mild or moderate in 65 children and severe in 27. The predictive significance of newborn encephalopathy to motor and cognitive deficits at 1 year was evident from the incidence of deficits in the children with no encephalopathy (17%), in children with mild or moderate encephalopathy (25%), and in children with severe encephalopathy (55%). The biologic risk factors with a significant association with newborn encephalopathy included severe intrapartum fetal hypoxia, moderate and severe newborn respiratory complications, and major infections. Perinatal hypoxia was associated with, and may have contributed to, 26% of the cases of mild and moderate newborn encephalopathy and 66% of the cases of severe newborn encephalopathy. Fetal and newborn hypoxia occurred with equal frequencies in cases of mild and moderate encephalopathy; however, newborn hypoxia was twice as frequent as fetal hypoxia in cases of severe newborn encephalopathy.
在303名选定的高危早产儿和足月儿中，30%出现了新生儿脑病。65名儿童的新生儿脑病为轻度或中度，27名儿童为重度。从无脑病儿童（17%）、轻度或中度脑病儿童（25%）以及重度脑病儿童（55%）的缺陷发生率来看，新生儿脑病对1岁时运动和认知缺陷的预测意义明显。与新生儿脑病有显著关联的生物学危险因素包括严重的产时胎儿缺氧、中度和重度新生儿呼吸并发症以及严重感染。围产期缺氧与26%的轻度和中度新生儿脑病病例以及66%的重度新生儿脑病病例相关，并且可能是其病因。在轻度和中度脑病病例中，胎儿和新生儿缺氧的发生频率相同；然而，在重度新生儿脑病病例中，新生儿缺氧的频率是胎儿缺氧的两倍。
