Department of Applied Social Studies, City University of Hong Kong.
Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2015 Mar;70(2):235-46. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbt094. Epub 2013 Oct 1.
This study investigated the effect of social work-related values on job performance through job satisfaction and tested whether age and work situation would moderate such associations.
This study consists of two parts: Part 1 is a cross-sectional survey among 299 Chinese clerical employees aged 19-60 years and Part 2 is a 14-day experience sampling study in a subsample of Part 1 (N = 67).
Part 1 revealed that age moderated the effect of social work-related values on job performance through job satisfaction, with a stronger positive effect in older workers than in younger workers. Part 2 demonstrated that the moderating effect of age shown in Part 1 also varied across work situations. In particular, holding momentary social work-related values was beneficial to the task performance of older workers, and the effect was significantly stronger when they were in social situations than in nonsocial situations, whereas the effect remained weak among younger workers regardless of work context. Moreover, the moderating effect of age could be accounted for by future time perspective. This study supports socioemotional selectivity theory that goal orientation shifts toward the emphasis of interpersonal closeness when one perceives future time as increasingly limited.
本研究通过工作满意度考察了社会工作价值观对工作绩效的影响，并检验了年龄和工作情境是否对这种关系具有调节作用。
本研究由两部分组成：第一部分是对 299 名年龄在 19-60 岁的中国办事员进行的横断面调查；第二部分是第一部分的一个子样本（N=67）的 14 天体验抽样研究。
第一部分表明，年龄通过工作满意度调节了社会工作价值观对工作绩效的影响，在年长的员工中比在年轻的员工中表现出更强的积极影响。第二部分表明，第一部分中年龄的调节作用在工作情境中也存在差异。具体而言，持有短暂的社会工作价值观有利于年长员工的任务绩效，而当他们处于社交情境中时，这种效果明显强于非社交情境，而在年轻员工中，无论工作环境如何，这种效果仍然较弱。此外，年龄的调节作用可以用未来时间视角来解释。本研究支持社会情绪选择理论，即当一个人感知未来时间越来越有限时，目标取向会转向强调人际亲密。
