评估在喀麦隆用于疟疾媒介控制的新工具：重点是长效杀虫蚊帐。
Evaluation of new tools for malaria vector control in Cameroon: focus on long lasting insecticidal nets.
机构信息
Laboratory of Medical Entomology, Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé, Cameroon ; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2013 Sep 23;8(9):e74929. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074929. eCollection 2013.
BACKGROUND
From 2006 to 2011, biological activity of insecticides for Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS), conventional treatment of nets (CTNs) or long lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) was evaluated before their approval in Cameroon. The objective of the study was to select the best tools for universal malaria vector control coverage.
METHODOLOGY
Bioassays were performed using WHO cones and the Kisumu susceptible strain of Anopheles gambiae s.s.. Among tested products, residual activity and wash resistance of Alpha-cypermethrin LLINs (Interceptor) and CTNs (Fendona) were assessed during 5 months in the Ntougou neighborhood.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
All the 14 tested products were found effective (95-100% knockdown and mortality rates), although a significant decrease of efficacy was seen with lambda-cyhalothrinWP IRS, alpha-cypermethrin CTNs and LLINs (p< 0.05). However, the efficacy of Interceptor nets did not decrease during the 5 months evaluation, even after 25 washes (0.07<p< 0.9). Meanwhile Fendona SC nets displayed a drastic decrease of activity after 5 washes, odds ratio was 3.07 (1.0-8.59).
CONCLUSION
This study provided useful data for decision making and community education toward universal coverage of malaria vector control in Cameroon.
背景
2006 年至 2011 年，在杀虫剂获得批准进入喀麦隆之前，对用于室内滞留喷洒（IRS）的杀虫剂、常规处理蚊帐（CTNs）或长效杀虫蚊帐（LLINs）的生物活性进行了评估。本研究的目的是选择最佳工具来实现疟疾媒介控制的普遍覆盖。
方法
使用世界卫生组织（WHO）锥形管和基苏木敏感型冈比亚按蚊（Anopheles gambiae s.s.）进行了生物测定。在测试的产品中，评估了 Alpha-氯氰菊酯 LLIN（Interceptor）和 CTN（Fendona）在 Ntougou 社区的 5 个月内的残留活性和耐洗性。
主要发现
虽然 lambda-氯氰菊酯 WP IRS、alpha-氯氰菊酯 CTNs 和 LLINs 的效果明显下降（p<0.05），但所有 14 种测试产品均被发现有效（95-100%击倒和死亡率）。然而，Interceptor 网的效果在 5 个月的评估中没有下降，即使经过 25 次洗涤（0.07<p<0.9）。同时，Fendona SC 网在经过 5 次洗涤后活性急剧下降，优势比为 3.07（1.0-8.59）。
结论
本研究为喀麦隆实现疟疾媒介控制的普遍覆盖提供了决策和社区教育的有用数据。
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