Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
PLoS One. 2013 Sep 27;8(9):e76371. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076371. eCollection 2013.
Autoantibody to interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) has been reported to be associated with adult-onset immunodeficiency in patients from Asian countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of autoantibody to IFN-γ among non-HIV patients in northern Thailand who were repeatedly infected with unusual intracellular pathogens.
A cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted between March 2011 and March 2012 at Chiang Mai University Hospital. 20 cases, non-HIV, aged 18-60 years, presented with at least 2 episodes of culture or histopathology proven opportunistic infections were enrolled. Controls comprised 20 HIV-infected patients and 20 healthy adults who were age- and sex-matched with cases. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the presence of antibody to IFN-γ.
11 participants in each group were female. The mean ages were 48.1±6.4, 48.3±6.3, and 47.1±6.5 years among cases, HIV-infected, and healthy controls, respectively. The opportunistic infections among 20 cases included disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection (19 patients/24 episodes), disseminated penicilliosis marneffei (12 patients/12 episodes), and non-typhoidal Salmonella bacteremia (7 patients/8 episodes). At the cutoff level of 99 percentile of controls, the prevalence of autoantibody to IFN-γ were 100%, 0%, and 0%, among cases, HIV-infected, and healthy controls, respectively (p-value <0.001). The mean concentrations of antibody to IFN-γ were 3.279±0.662 and 0.939±0.630 O.D. among cases with and without active opportunistic infection, respectively (p-value<0.001).
In northern Thailand, autoantibody to IFN-γ was strongly associated with adult-onset immunodeficiency. The level of antibody to IFN-γ in patients who had active opportunistic infection was relatively higher than those without active infection.
干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）自身抗体已被报道与亚洲国家成人发病免疫缺陷相关。本研究旨在确定 IFN-γ 自身抗体在泰国北部反复感染不常见细胞内病原体的非 HIV 患者中的流行率。
这是一项在 2011 年 3 月至 2012 年 3 月间进行的病例对照研究，研究地点为清迈大学医院。共纳入 20 例年龄 18-60 岁的非 HIV 患者，这些患者至少有 2 次培养或组织病理学证实的机会性感染。对照组包括 20 例 HIV 感染患者和 20 例与病例年龄和性别匹配的健康成年人。酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）用于检测 IFN-γ 抗体的存在。
各组中各有 11 名女性参与者。病例组、HIV 感染组和健康对照组的平均年龄分别为 48.1±6.4、48.3±6.3 和 47.1±6.5 岁。20 例患者中，24 次机会性感染包括播散性非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）感染（19 例患者/24 次感染）、播散性马尔尼菲青霉菌病（12 例患者/12 次感染）和非伤寒沙门氏菌菌血症（7 例患者/8 次感染）。在对照组 99%分位数的截断值下，IFN-γ 自身抗体的流行率分别为 100%、0%和 0%，病例组、HIV 感染组和健康对照组（p 值<0.001）。有和无活动性机会性感染的病例组的 IFN-γ 抗体平均浓度分别为 3.279±0.662 和 0.939±0.630 OD（p 值<0.001）。
在泰国北部，IFN-γ 自身抗体与成人发病免疫缺陷密切相关。有活动性机会性感染的患者的 IFN-γ 抗体水平相对高于无活动性感染的患者。
