Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2013 Oct 2;2(1):25. doi: 10.1186/2047-2994-2-25.
Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of community and hospital acquired infections. One of the important sources of staphylococci for nosocomial infection is nasal carriage among hospital personnel. Emergence of drug resistant strains especially methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a serious problem in hospital environments. The aim of this study was to determine the nasal carriage rate of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Dessie Referral Hospital healthcare-workers in Ethiopia.
A cross sectional study was conducted on a total of 118 healthcare workers. Nasal swabs were collected and cultured on Mannitol Salt Agar. Slide coagulase test was performed. An oxacillin susceptibility test was carried out on Muller Hinton agar using modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.
Of the 118 healthcare workers, 34 (28.8%) carried S. aureus of which 15 were methicillin resistant. Therefore, 12.7% of all HCWs were identified as MRSA carriers. The rate of methicillin resistance among all S. aureus isolates was 44.1% (15/34). MRSA carriage was particularly high among nurses (21.2%). The highest rate of MRSA carriers (57.1%) were workers of surgical wards.
The high rate of nasal MRSA carriage among healthcare workers found in this study indicates the need for adjusted infection control measures to prevent MRSA transmission in our healthcare setting.
金黄色葡萄球菌是社区和医院获得性感染的常见原因。医院工作人员鼻腔携带是医院感染金黄色葡萄球菌的重要来源之一。耐药物菌株，尤其是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的出现，是医院环境中的一个严重问题。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚德西转诊医院医护人员中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的鼻腔携带率。
对总共 118 名医护人员进行了横断面研究。采集鼻拭子并接种于甘露醇盐琼脂。进行玻片凝固酶试验。使用改良 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法在 Muller Hinton 琼脂上进行苯唑西林药敏试验。
在 118 名医护人员中，有 34 名（28.8%）携带金黄色葡萄球菌，其中 15 名耐甲氧西林。因此，12.7%的医护人员被确定为 MRSA 携带者。所有金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的耐甲氧西林率为 44.1%（15/34）。护士中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的携带率特别高（21.2%）。MRSA 携带者的最高比例（57.1%）是外科病房的工作人员。
本研究中发现医护人员鼻腔携带耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的比率较高，表明需要采取调整后的感染控制措施，以防止 MRSA 在我们的医疗环境中传播。
