钙化斑块中的矿化类似于皮质骨——来自颈动脉斑块钙化和皮质骨的超短回波时间（UTE）磁共振成像的进一步证据。
Mineralization in calcified plaque is like that of cortical bone--further evidence from ultrashort echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging of carotid plaque calcification and cortical bone.
机构信息
Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California 92103-8226.
出版信息
Med Phys. 2013 Oct;40(10):102301. doi: 10.1118/1.4819944.
PURPOSE
This study aims to investigate carotid plaque calcification (CPC) using two-dimensional (2D) and 3D ultrashort echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences and compare T1, T2*, water concentration, and bone mineral density (BMD) of CPC with those of cortical bone.
METHODS
Twelve carotid plaque specimens and eight tibial cortical bone samples were imaged with UTE sequences. Adiabatic inversion recovery prepared UTE (IR-UTE) acquisitions were used for T2* measurement. Saturation recovery prepared UTE acquisitions were used for T1 measurement. Water concentration was measured by comparing signal from CPC and bone with that from a phantom. BMD was measured with μCT. Conventional gradient echo and fast spin echo images were also acquired for comparison.
RESULTS
Our studies show that CPC and cortical bone have similar T1 and BMD values but different T2* and water concentration. For CPC T2s ranged from 0.31 to 3.87 ms, T1s ranged from 114 to 332 ms, water concentrations ranged from 6.4% to 17.6%, and BMD ranged from 977 to 1319 mg/ml. For cortical bone T2s ranged from 0.33 to 0.45 ms, T1s ranged from 198 to 254 ms, water concentrations ranged from 24.7% to 33.8%, and mineral densities ranged from 970 to 1287 mg/ml. On average CPC shows about 5% longer T1, 5% lower BMD, 440% longer T2*, and 130% lower water concentration when compared to human cortical bone.
CONCLUSIONS
CPC bears remarkable similarities with cortical bone in terms of BMD and T1. CPC shows a higher mean T2* and a lower mean water concentration.
目的
本研究旨在使用二维（2D）和三维超短回波时间（UTE）磁共振成像（MRI）序列研究颈动脉斑块钙化（CPC），并比较 CPC 的 T1、T2*、水浓度和骨矿物质密度（BMD）与皮质骨的 T1、T2*、水浓度和骨矿物质密度（BMD）。
方法
对 12 个颈动脉斑块标本和 8 个胫骨皮质骨样本进行 UTE 序列成像。使用绝热反转恢复准备 UTE（IR-UTE）采集进行 T2*测量。使用饱和恢复准备 UTE 采集进行 T1 测量。通过比较 CPC 和骨与体模的信号来测量水浓度。使用 μCT 测量 BMD。还采集了常规梯度回波和快速自旋回波图像进行比较。
结果
我们的研究表明，CPC 和皮质骨具有相似的 T1 和 BMD 值，但 T2和水浓度不同。CPC 的 T2值范围为 0.31 至 3.87 ms，T1 值范围为 114 至 332 ms，水浓度范围为 6.4%至 17.6%，BMD 范围为 977 至 1319 mg/ml。皮质骨的 T2值范围为 0.33 至 0.45 ms，T1 值范围为 198 至 254 ms，水浓度范围为 24.7%至 33.8%，矿物质密度范围为 970 至 1287 mg/ml。平均而言，与人类皮质骨相比，CPC 的 T1 长 5%，BMD 低 5%，T2长 440%，水浓度低 130%。
结论
CPC 在 BMD 和 T1 方面与皮质骨具有显著相似性。CPC 具有更高的平均 T2*和更低的平均水浓度。
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