PhD, AssociateDivision of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Building L15, Room 8111, 12631 East 17th Avenue, PO Box 6511, Aurora, CO 80045.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Nov;98(11):4507-15. doi: 10.1210/jc.2013-2183. Epub 2013 Oct 3.
In contrast to age-matched men, endurance exercise training is not consistently associated with enhanced endothelial function in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women. We determined whether endurance exercise training improves endothelial function in postmenopausal women treated with estrogen. In a substudy, we determined if oxidative stress is mechanistically linked to endothelial function adaptations to endurance exercise training.
Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured in 36 sedentary, estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women (45-65 y) at study entry (baseline), after 12 weeks of either placebo, oral (1 mg/d) estradiol, or transdermal estradiol (0.05 mg/d) (randomized), and after an additional 12 weeks of continued estradiol or placebo treatment with concurrent endurance exercise training. In subgroups of women, FMD also was measured during the infusion of ascorbic acid at baseline and following estradiol/placebo plus endurance exercise training, and in seven habitually endurance-trained estrogen-deficient controls.
FMD increased in the estrogen-treated groups (both P < .01) after 12 weeks and remained unchanged in placebo. FMD further increased following 12 weeks of endurance exercise training in estrogen-treated (both P < .025), but not placebo-treated women (P = .55). In the substudy, baseline FMD was similar between sedentary and endurance-trained controls. Ascorbic acid increased FMD at baseline in sedentary women and endurance-trained controls, and following endurance exercise training in placebo-treated, but not in estrogen-treated women.
Estrogen status appears to play an important modulatory role in improvements in endothelial function with endurance exercise training in postmenopausal women. The restored endurance exercise training adaptation in estrogen-treated postmenopausal women may be related to mitigation of oxidative stress.
与年龄匹配的男性不同，耐力运动训练与雌激素缺乏绝经后女性的内皮功能增强并不一致。我们确定耐力运动训练是否能改善接受雌激素治疗的绝经后女性的内皮功能。在一项子研究中，我们确定氧化应激是否与耐力运动训练对内皮功能适应性的机制联系有关。
在研究开始时（基线）、12 周的安慰剂、口服（1 毫克/天）雌二醇或经皮雌二醇（0.05 毫克/天）（随机）治疗后，以及在继续接受雌二醇或安慰剂治疗的同时进行另外 12 周的耐力运动训练后，测量 36 名久坐、雌激素缺乏的绝经后女性（45-65 岁）的肱动脉血流介导的扩张（FMD）。在女性亚组中，还在基线和雌二醇/安慰剂加耐力运动训练后以及 7 名习惯性耐力训练的雌激素缺乏对照者中测量 FMD。
12 周后，雌激素治疗组的 FMD 增加（均 P <.01），而安慰剂组则保持不变。在接受雌二醇治疗的女性中，12 周的耐力运动训练后 FMD 进一步增加（均 P <.025），而安慰剂组则没有（P =.55）。在子研究中，久坐和耐力训练对照组的基线 FMD 相似。在久坐女性和耐力训练对照组中，抗坏血酸在基线时增加了 FMD，并在安慰剂治疗组中，而不是在雌激素治疗组中，在耐力运动训练后增加了 FMD。
雌激素状态似乎在绝经后女性的耐力运动训练改善内皮功能中起着重要的调节作用。接受雌激素治疗的绝经后女性耐力运动训练适应性的恢复可能与氧化应激的减轻有关。
