Achillion Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2013 Oct;26(4):792-821. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00033-13.
New antimicrobial agents are always needed to counteract the resistant pathogens that continue to be selected by current therapeutic regimens. This review provides a survey of known antimicrobial agents that were currently in clinical development in the fall of 2012 and spring of 2013. Data were collected from published literature primarily from 2010 to 2012, meeting abstracts (2011 to 2012), government websites, and company websites when appropriate. Compared to what was reported in previous surveys, a surprising number of new agents are currently in company pipelines, particularly in phase 3 clinical development. Familiar antibacterial classes of the quinolones, tetracyclines, oxazolidinones, glycopeptides, and cephalosporins are represented by entities with enhanced antimicrobial or pharmacological properties. More importantly, compounds of novel chemical structures targeting bacterial pathways not previously exploited are under development. Some of the most promising compounds include novel β-lactamase inhibitor combinations that target many multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, a critical medical need. Although new antimicrobial agents will continue to be needed to address increasing antibiotic resistance, there are novel agents in development to tackle at least some of the more worrisome pathogens in the current nosocomial setting.
需要不断开发新的抗菌药物来应对不断出现的耐药病原体，这些病原体是由目前的治疗方案选择出来的。本综述提供了 2012 年秋季至 2013 年春季正在临床开发的已知抗菌药物的概述。数据主要来自 2010 年至 2012 年的已发表文献、会议摘要（2011 年至 2012 年）、政府网站和公司网站。与之前的调查报道相比，目前有相当数量的新药处于公司研发管道中，尤其是处于 3 期临床开发阶段。熟悉的抗菌药物类别如喹诺酮类、四环素类、恶唑烷酮类、糖肽类和头孢菌素类，都有具有增强抗菌或药理特性的药物。更重要的是，正在开发针对以前未被利用的细菌途径的新型化学结构化合物。一些最有前途的化合物包括针对许多多药耐药革兰氏阴性菌的新型β-内酰胺酶抑制剂组合，这是一个关键的医疗需求。尽管需要不断开发新的抗菌药物来应对日益增加的抗生素耐药性，但目前正在开发一些新型药物来应对当前医院环境中一些更令人担忧的病原体。
