Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida, PO Box 100265, MBI, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2013 Oct;24(4):561-74. doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2013.05.002. Epub 2013 Jul 5.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) has been performed since the 1970s. When an AVM is treated with radiosurgery, radiation injury to the vascular endothelium induces the proliferation of smooth muscle cells and the elaboration of extracellular collagen, which leads to progressive stenosis and obliteration of the AVM nidus. Obliteration after AVM radiosurgery ranges from 60% to 80%, and relates to the size of the AVM and the prescribed radiation dose. The major drawback of radiosurgical AVM treatment is the risk of bleeding during the latent period (typically 2 years) between treatment and AVM thrombosis.
立体定向放射外科治疗颅内动静脉畸形（AVM）始于 20 世纪 70 年代。当 AVM 接受放射外科治疗时，血管内皮的辐射损伤会诱导平滑肌细胞的增殖和细胞外胶原的产生，从而导致 AVM 病灶的进行性狭窄和闭塞。AVM 放射外科治疗后的闭塞率为 60%至 80%，与 AVM 的大小和规定的辐射剂量有关。放射外科 AVM 治疗的主要缺点是在治疗和 AVM 血栓形成之间的潜伏期（通常为 2 年）内出血的风险。
