Ahlgren Camilla, Isaksson Marléne, Möller Halvor, Axéll Tony, Liedholm Rolf, Bruze Magnus
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 205 06, Malmö, Sweden,
Clin Oral Investig. 2014;18(5):1525-31. doi: 10.1007/s00784-013-1122-0. Epub 2013 Oct 6.
Establishing the clinical relevance of contact allergy to dental materials in patients with oral lichen lesions (OLL) may be difficult, and tests are often read only on day 3 or day 4; also, concentration of the tested allergens may vary. Several studies on dermatitis patients have shown that additional positive patch test reactions can be found after day 4. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyse the frequency of late positive reactions to potential allergens in patients with OLL.
Eighty-three of 96 consecutive patients with biopsy-verified OLL were patch-tested with a recently developed lichen series. The patches were removed after 48 h and reactions read 3 and 7 days after application.
A total of 129 contact allergies were found, and 26 (20.2 %) of the allergic reactions in 23 patients were seen on day 7 only. The 25.2 % increase in positive test reactions with an additional reading on day 7 in addition to day 3 was statistically significant. Metals were the substances with the highest frequency of late positive reactions.
Patients with OLL cannot be considered properly investigated with regard to contact allergy, unless the testing has been performed with mandatory readings on day 3 (or day 4) and day 7.
Late patch test readings are crucial in order to elucidate the role of contact allergy to dental materials in the aetiology of OLL.
确定口腔扁平苔藓（OLL）患者对牙科材料接触性过敏的临床相关性可能存在困难，而且测试结果通常仅在第3天或第4天读取；此外，测试变应原的浓度可能有所不同。几项针对皮炎患者的研究表明，在第4天后还能发现额外的阳性斑贴试验反应。因此，本研究的目的是分析OLL患者对潜在变应原的迟发性阳性反应的频率。
对96例经活检证实为OLL的连续患者中的83例，用最近开发的扁平苔藓系列进行斑贴试验。48小时后去除贴片，并在贴片应用后第3天和第7天读取反应结果。
共发现129例接触性过敏，23例患者中有26例（20.2%）的过敏反应仅在第7天出现。除第3天外，在第7天增加一次读数后，阳性试验反应增加25.2%，具有统计学意义。金属是迟发性阳性反应频率最高的物质。
除非在第3天（或第4天）和第7天进行强制性读数测试，否则不能认为对OLL患者接触性过敏进行了充分的调查。
迟发性斑贴试验读数对于阐明牙科材料接触性过敏在OLL病因学中的作用至关重要。
