Rowland M G, Goh S G, Williams K, Campbell A D, Beards G M, Sanders R C, Flewett T H
Ann Trop Paediatr. 1985 Mar;5(1):23-8. doi: 10.1080/02724936.1985.11748354.
Rotavirus gastro-enteritis in young Gambian children has its maximum impact on infants after the age of one month, in whom it produces short, well-defined annual winter epidemics with clinical dehydration in up to 18% of those infected. Sporadic infection was observed in neonates who were often asymptomatic, throughout one year but not in the subsequent year. In two consecutive years studied there was a major change from subgroup I, serotype 2 to subgroup II, serotypes 1 and 3. This could have contributed to the failure of children to develop protective immunity against sequential disease following an infection during infancy. If rotavirus morbidity in this community is to be notably reduced by a vaccination programme it would need to be carried out in early infancy prior to the winter season. Evaluation of a type-specific vaccine should include monitoring secular changes in rotavirus serotypes throughout subsequent epidemics.
冈比亚幼儿的轮状病毒肠胃炎对一个月以上的婴儿影响最大，这类婴儿每年冬季会出现短暂且明确的流行高峰，感染的婴儿中高达18%会出现临床脱水症状。新生儿全年都有散发病例，通常无症状，次年则无此类情况。在连续两年的研究中，出现了从I组2型向II组1型和3型的重大转变。这可能导致儿童在婴儿期感染后无法产生针对后续疾病的保护性免疫力。如果要通过疫苗接种计划显著降低该社区的轮状病毒发病率，就需要在冬季来临前的婴儿早期进行接种。对特定类型疫苗的评估应包括监测后续疫情中轮状病毒血清型的长期变化。
