Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
Am J Ophthalmol. 2014 Jan;157(1):9-25.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.08.010. Epub 2013 Oct 5.
To summarize the epidemiology of pathologic myopia and myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and their impact on vision.
Systematic literature review of all English-language studies evaluating the epidemiology and visual burden of pathologic myopia or myopic CNV.
PubMed and EMBASE were searched with no time limits using predefined search strings for English-language studies evaluating the epidemiology and visual burden of pathologic myopia and myopic CNV.
In total, 39 relevant publications were identified. Population-based studies reported pathologic myopia to be the first to third most frequent cause of blindness. The prevalence of pathologic myopia was reported to be 0.9%-3.1%, and the prevalence of visual impairment attributable to pathologic myopia ranged from 0.1%-0.5% (European studies) and from 0.2%-1.4% (Asian studies). The prevalence of CNV in individuals with pathologic myopia was reported to be 5.2%-11.3%, and was bilateral in approximately 15% of patients. All studies of visual outcome in patients with myopic CNV (duration ranging from less than 3 months to 21.5 years) reported deterioration in best-corrected visual acuity over time. Older age, subfoveal CNV location, and larger baseline lesion size were predictors of worse visual outcomes.
Pathologic myopia is an important cause of vision loss worldwide, affecting up to 3% of the population. Of these, a substantial proportion of patients develop myopic CNV, which mostly causes a significant progressive decrease in visual acuity. This condition should therefore be a target for new treatment strategies.
总结病理性近视和近视性脉络膜新生血管（CNV）的流行病学及其对视功能的影响。
系统检索评估病理性近视或近视性 CNV 流行病学和视觉负担的所有英文文献的文献综述。
使用预定义的搜索词在 PubMed 和 EMBASE 上进行无时间限制的英语文献检索，以评估病理性近视和近视性 CNV 的流行病学和视觉负担。
共确定了 39 篇相关出版物。基于人群的研究报告称，病理性近视是导致失明的前 3 位原因之一。病理性近视的患病率报告为 0.9%-3.1%，归因于病理性近视的视力损害患病率为 0.1%-0.5%（欧洲研究）和 0.2%-1.4%（亚洲研究）。病理性近视患者中 CNV 的患病率报告为 5.2%-11.3%，约 15%的患者为双侧性。所有关于近视性 CNV 患者视觉结局的研究（持续时间从少于 3 个月到 21.5 年）均报告随着时间的推移最佳矫正视力恶化。年龄较大、中心凹下 CNV 位置和较大的基线病变大小是视觉结局较差的预测因素。
病理性近视是全球范围内导致视力丧失的重要原因，影响人群的比例高达 3%。其中，相当一部分患者发生近视性 CNV，这主要导致视力严重进行性下降。因此，这种情况应成为新治疗策略的目标。
