INSERM, U669, Paris, Univ Paris-Sud and Univ Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
Am J Ind Med. 2014 Feb;57(2):172-83. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22259. Epub 2013 Sep 20.
The roles of age, length of service and job in various work-related injury types are unknown and deserve investigations among female workers. This study assessed their roles in the occurrence of injury.
Three-year prospective study of all 22,952 permanently employed women at the French national railway company: 63,620 person-years, 756 injuries with working days lost, coded using the company's injury classification derived from that of the French health insurance scheme. We investigated the incidence of four types of injury: fall on same level, fall to lower level, materials/equipment/objects handling, and other injuries. Data were analyzed using negative binomial regression.
Workers aged <25 were subject to a higher risk for all types of injuries. Older workers (45-55 years) were subject to a higher injury risk for fall on same level and fall to lower level. For fall on same level as for fall to lower level the relative risk decreased steadily with increasing length of service with the company, from 1.60 for 1 year to 0.50-0.60 for ≥30 years. For injuries due to materials/equipment/objects handling the relative risk decreased from 1.05 for one year to 0.49 for 5-9 years, and then increased to about 1.50 for 20-29 years and ≥30 years.
Younger and shorter lengths of service were at risk for various types of injuries. Higher length of service was at risk for injury due to materials/equipment/objects handling. Preventive measures should consider the respective risks associated with age, years of employment and job.
年龄、工龄和工作岗位在各种工作相关伤害类型中的作用尚不清楚，值得在女性工人中进行调查。本研究评估了它们在伤害发生中的作用。
对法国国家铁路公司的所有 22952 名永久受雇女性进行了为期 3 年的前瞻性研究：63620 人年，756 人因工作天数损失而受伤，使用公司的伤害分类进行编码，该分类源自法国健康保险计划的分类。我们调查了四种类型的伤害：同一水平跌倒、较低水平跌倒、材料/设备/物体搬运和其他伤害。使用负二项回归分析数据。
<25 岁的工人所有类型的伤害风险都较高。年龄较大的工人（45-55 岁）同一水平和较低水平跌倒的伤害风险较高。对于同一水平跌倒和较低水平跌倒，随着与公司的工龄增加，相对风险稳步下降，从 1 年的 1.60 降至≥30 年的 0.50-0.60。对于因材料/设备/物体搬运引起的伤害，相对风险从 1 年的 1.05 降至 5-9 年的 0.49，然后增加到 20-29 年和≥30 年的约 1.50。
年轻和较短的工龄会增加各种类型的伤害风险。工龄较长与因材料/设备/物体搬运引起的伤害有关。预防措施应考虑与年龄、工龄和工作相关的各自风险。
