新南威尔士州囚犯中的成人注意力缺陷多动障碍：患病率及精神疾病共病情况
Adult ADHD Among NSW Prisoners: Prevalence and Psychiatric Comorbidity.
作者信息
Moore Elizabeth, Sunjic Sandra, Kaye Sharlene, Archer Vicki, Indig Devon
机构信息
Justice and Forensic Mental Health Network, Pagewood, Australia University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Justice and Forensic Mental Health Network, Ermington, Australia.
出版信息
J Atten Disord. 2016 Nov;20(11):958-967. doi: 10.1177/1087054713506263. Epub 2013 Oct 17.
OBJECTIVE
Given the paucity of research among prisoners, this study aimed to examine the prevalence and psychiatric comorbidity associated with adult ADHD.
METHOD
The study was conducted at four NSW correctional facilities (2 male; 2 female).
RESULTS
Thirty-five percent of the sample screened positive for adult ADHD, and 17% of the sample met criteria for a full diagnosis. After adjustment, benzodiazepine dependence, borderline personality disorder, social phobia, antisocial personality disorder, and a number of lifetime psychological disorders remained significantly and independently associated with the diagnosis of adult ADHD. Lowering the threshold on the ADHD Self-Rating Scale to ≥3 (vs. ≥4) increased the sensitivity (80%-93%), but lowered the specificity (55%-47%).
CONCLUSION
Adult ADHD among NSW prisoners is elevated, with substance use disorders and psychiatric comorbidity common. A greater acceptance of this disorder among prisoners, and appropriate treatment, is warranted.
目的
鉴于针对囚犯的研究匮乏，本研究旨在调查与成人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）相关的患病率及精神共病情况。
方法
该研究在新南威尔士州的四个惩教机构开展（2个男性机构；2个女性机构）。
结果
35%的样本经筛查为成人ADHD阳性，17%的样本符合完全诊断标准。调整后，苯二氮䓬类药物依赖、边缘型人格障碍、社交恐惧症、反社会人格障碍以及一些终生心理障碍仍与成人ADHD诊断显著且独立相关。将ADHD自评量表的阈值降至≥3（对比≥4）可提高敏感性（80%-93%），但降低了特异性（55%-47%）。
结论
新南威尔士州囚犯中的成人ADHD患病率较高，物质使用障碍和精神共病较为常见。有必要在囚犯中提高对该疾病的认知并给予适当治疗。
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