Psychology Services Limited, London, UK.
Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2019 Apr 29;21(6):41. doi: 10.1007/s11920-019-1022-3.
To examine recent advances in the understanding of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among the prison population.
Efforts have been made to develop useful tools for assessing ADHD among prisoners. Prisoners with ADHD demonstrate incremental vulnerability due to comorbid psychiatric disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders and traumatic brain injury. Compared with prisoners without ADHD, prisoners with ADHD become involved in the criminal justice system at a younger age and have higher rates of recidivism in adulthood. Recent studies demonstrate the effectiveness of extended release stimulant medication and psychological interventions. Early identification and treatment of prisoners with ADHD have the potential to demonstrate health economic benefits. Our understanding of ADHD among prisoners continues to develop. However, further research is needed, particularly among neglected groups such as females. Much more attention is needed by the prison service to engender better outcomes for this at-risk population.
研究监狱人群中注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的最新研究进展。
目前已开展了多项研究，以开发用于评估囚犯 ADHD 的有用工具。患有 ADHD 的囚犯由于合并精神疾病、神经发育障碍和外伤性脑损伤，其脆弱性逐渐增加。与没有 ADHD 的囚犯相比，患有 ADHD 的囚犯更早地卷入刑事司法系统，并且在成年后累犯率更高。最近的研究表明，长效兴奋剂药物和心理干预措施具有有效性。早期识别和治疗囚犯的 ADHD 有可能带来健康经济效益。我们对囚犯 ADHD 的理解仍在不断发展。然而，还需要进一步的研究，特别是在女性等被忽视的群体中。监狱系统需要更加关注，以改善这一高危人群的预后。
