Department of Ophthalmology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Nov 11;54(12):7410-6. doi: 10.1167/iovs.13-12698.
To determine the prevalence and identify the types of glaucoma in the Akinyele district of Oyo State in southwestern Nigeria.
Residents of Akinyele district of Oyo State in southwestern Nigeria aged 40 years and older were randomly selected in a stratified manner. All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including visual acuity assessment, anterior segment biomicroscopy, IOP measurement, gonioscopy, optic nerve head and disc evaluation, and central visual field assessment. Glaucoma was diagnosed using the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology (ISGEO) classification scheme.
A sample of 811 subjects (90% response rate) was examined. The crude prevalence of all forms of glaucoma was 7.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.5%-9.1%) with an age and sex standardized rate of 6.9% (95% CI 6.88%-6.92%). Primary open angle glaucoma was found in 6.2% (95% CI 4.5%-7.8%) and primary angle closure glaucoma in 0.2% (95% CI 0.0%-0.6%). Secondary glaucoma accounted for 0.9% of the cases, with couching and neovascular process being the main causes (0.2% each). Prevalence of glaucoma increased significantly with increasing age (P for trend < 0.05).
The high prevalence of glaucoma (7.3%) in the Akinyele district in southwestern Nigeria is comparable with those in predominantly black populations in the Akwapim-South district of Ghana and Barbados. Primary open angle glaucoma remains the most prevalent form of glaucoma.
确定尼日利亚西南部奥约州阿金耶莱区的青光眼患病率和类型。
采用分层随机抽样的方法，选取尼日利亚西南部奥约州阿金耶莱区年龄在 40 岁及以上的居民。所有参与者均接受全面眼科检查，包括视力评估、眼前节生物显微镜检查、眼压测量、房角镜检查、视神经头和视盘评估以及中心视野评估。使用国际地理和流行病学眼科学会（ISGEO）分类方案诊断青光眼。
共检查了 811 名受试者（90%的应答率）。所有类型青光眼的粗患病率为 7.3%（95%置信区间 [CI] 5.5%-9.1%），年龄和性别标准化率为 6.9%（95%CI 6.88%-6.92%）。原发性开角型青光眼占 6.2%（95%CI 4.5%-7.8%），原发性闭角型青光眼占 0.2%（95%CI 0.0%-0.6%）。继发性青光眼占 0.9%，其中睫状体光凝术和新生血管过程是主要原因（各占 0.2%）。青光眼的患病率随年龄增长显著增加（趋势 P < 0.05）。
尼日利亚西南部阿金耶莱区的青光眼患病率较高（7.3%），与加纳阿克拉南-南区分和巴巴多斯的黑人群体相似。原发性开角型青光眼仍是最常见的青光眼类型。
