Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering & Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Integr Biol (Camb). 2013 Dec;5(12):1464-73. doi: 10.1039/c3ib40144h.
Metastatic breast cancer cells move not only more rapidly and persistently than their non-metastatic variants but in doing so use the mechanical work of the cytoskeleton more efficiently. The efficiency of the cell motions is defined for entire cells (rather than parts of the cell membrane) and is related to the work expended in forming membrane protrusions and retractions. This work, in turn, is estimated by integrating the protruded and retracted areas along the entire cell perimeter and is standardized with respect to the net translocation of the cell. A combination of cross-correlation, Granger causality, and morphodynamic profiling analyses is then used to relate the efficiency to the cell membrane dynamics. In metastatic cells, the protrusions and retractions are highly "synchronized" both in space and in time and these cells move efficiently. In contrast, protrusions and retractions formed by non-metastatic cells are not "synchronized" corresponding to low motility efficiencies. Our work provides a link between the kinematics of cell motions and their energetics. It also suggests that spatiotemporal synchronization might be one of the hallmarks of invasiveness of cancerous cells.
转移性乳腺癌细胞不仅比非转移性变体移动得更快、更持久，而且在移动过程中更有效地利用细胞骨架的机械功。细胞运动的效率是针对整个细胞（而不是细胞膜的一部分）定义的，与形成细胞膜突起和回缩所消耗的功有关。反过来，通过沿整个细胞周长积分突出和缩回的区域，并相对于细胞的净迁移进行标准化来估计该功。然后，使用互相关、格兰杰因果关系和形态动力学分析相结合的方法，将效率与细胞膜动力学联系起来。在转移性细胞中，突起和回缩在空间和时间上都高度“同步”，这些细胞移动效率高。相比之下，非转移性细胞形成的突起和回缩不同步，对应于低运动效率。我们的工作为细胞运动的运动学和能量学之间提供了联系。它还表明，时空同步可能是癌细胞侵袭性的标志之一。
