Choi Hyun Ho, Kim Jin Su, Cheung Dae Young, Cho Young-Seok
Hyun Ho Choi, Young-Seok Cho, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Uijeongbu 480-717, South Korea.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2013 Oct 16;5(10):487-94. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v5.i10.487.
The incidence of rectal carcinoids is rising because of the widespread use of screening colonoscopy. Rectal carcinoids detected incidentally are usually in earlier stages at diagnosis. Rectal carcinoids estimated endoscopically as < 10 mm in diameter without atypical features and confined to the submucosal layer can be removed endoscopically. Here, we review the efficacy and safety of various endoscopic treatments for small rectal carcinoid tumors, including conventional polypectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), cap-assisted EMR (or aspiration lumpectomy), endoscopic submucosal resection with ligating device, endoscopic submucosal dissection, and transanal endoscopic microsurgery. It is necessary to carefully choose an effective and safe primary resection method for complete histological resection.
由于结肠镜筛查的广泛应用，直肠类癌的发病率正在上升。偶然发现的直肠类癌在诊断时通常处于早期阶段。直径经内镜估计小于10毫米、无非典型特征且局限于黏膜下层的直肠类癌可通过内镜切除。在此，我们回顾了各种内镜治疗小直肠类癌肿瘤的疗效和安全性，包括传统息肉切除术、内镜黏膜切除术（EMR）、帽辅助EMR（或抽吸肿块切除术）、带结扎装置的内镜黏膜下切除术、内镜黏膜下剥离术和经肛门内镜显微手术。为实现完整的组织学切除，必须谨慎选择一种有效且安全的初次切除方法。
