Department of Human Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, England.
J Sports Sci Med. 2009 Mar 1;8(1):1-8. eCollection 2009.
Racquet sports have high levels of joint injuries suggesting the joint loads during play may be excessive. Sports such as badminton employ lateral sidestepping (SS) and crossover stepping (XS) movements which so far have not been described in terms of biomechanics. This study examined bilateral ground reaction forces and three dimensional joint kinetics for both these gaits in order to determine the demands of the movements on the leading and trailing limb and predict the contribution of these movements to the occurrence of overuse injury of the lower limbs. A force platform and motion-analysis system were used to record ground reaction forces and track marker trajectories of 9 experienced male badminton players performing lateral SS, XS and forward running tasks at a controlled speed of 3 m·s(-1) using their normal technique. Ground reaction force and kinetic data for the hip, knee and ankle were analyzed, averaged across the group and the biomechanical variables compared. In all cases the ground reaction forces and joint moments were less than those experienced during moderate running suggesting that in normal play SS and XS gaits do not lead to high forces that could contribute to increased injury risk. Ground reaction forces during SS and XS do not appear to contribute to the development of overuse injury. The distinct roles of the leading and trailing limb, acting as a generator of vertical force and shock absorber respectively, during the SS and XS may however contribute to the development of muscular imbalances which may ultimately contribute to the development of overuse injury. However it is still possible that faulty use of these gaits might lead to high loads and this should be the subject of future work. Key pointsGround reaction forces and joint moments during lateral stepping are smaller in magnitude than those experienced during moderate running.Force exposure in SS and XS gaits in normal play does not appear to contribute to the development of overuse injuryThe leading and trailing limbs perform distinct roles, acting as a generator of vertical force and shock absorber respectively.This distinct contribution may contribute to the development of muscular imbalances which may ultimately contribute to the development of overuse injury.
球拍类运动中关节损伤的发生率较高，这表明运动过程中的关节负荷可能过大。羽毛球等运动需要进行侧向滑步（SS）和交叉步（XS），但迄今为止，这些运动的生物力学特征尚未得到描述。本研究旨在探讨侧向 SS 和 XS 两种步态的双侧地面反作用力和三维关节动力学，以确定这些动作对主导和跟随肢体的要求，并预测这些动作对下肢过度使用损伤的发生的贡献。使用力台和运动分析系统记录了 9 名经验丰富的男性羽毛球运动员在以 3m·s(-1)的受控速度用正常技术进行侧向 SS、XS 和正向跑步任务时的地面反作用力和标记轨迹。对髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的地面反作用力和动力学数据进行了分析，对组内数据进行了平均处理，并对生物力学变量进行了比较。在所有情况下，地面反作用力和关节力矩都小于中等跑步时的力，这表明在正常运动中，SS 和 XS 步态不会导致导致受伤风险增加的高作用力。SS 和 XS 期间的地面反作用力似乎不会导致过度使用损伤的发展。然而，在 SS 和 XS 期间，主导和跟随肢体分别作为垂直力和减震器的作用，可能会导致肌肉不平衡的发展，这最终可能导致过度使用损伤的发展。然而，这些步态的错误使用仍然可能导致高负荷，这应该是未来工作的主题。关键点侧向跨步时的地面反作用力和关节力矩比中等跑步时的力小。正常运动中 SS 和 XS 步态的力暴露似乎不会导致过度使用损伤的发展。主导和跟随肢体的作用不同，分别作为垂直力和减震器的作用。这种独特的贡献可能会导致肌肉不平衡的发展，这最终可能会导致过度使用损伤的发展。
