Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Private Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa.
J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 2013 Dec;34(5-6):333-47. doi: 10.1007/s10974-013-9364-7. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
Skeletal muscle repair requires the migration of myoblasts (activated satellite cells) both to the injury site and then within the wound to facilitate cellular alignment in preparation for differentiation, fusion and eventual healing. Along this journey, the cells encounter a range of soluble and extracellular matrix factors which regulate their movement and ultimately determine how successful the repair process will be. Sub-optimal migration can lead to a number of scenarios, including reduced myoblast numbers entering the wound, poor alignment and insufficient differentiation to correctly repair the damage. It is therefore critical that all aspects of myoblast migration are understood, particularly in response to the changing growth and matrix factor profile prevalent following skeletal muscle injury. Since 1962, when Boyden first introduced his chemotactic chamber, numerous in vitro migration assays have been developed to mimic the wound more closely. These have increased in complexity to account for the complex micro-environment found in vivo during muscle repair and include a range of modified cell exclusion, chemotactic and three-dimensional assays. This review describes and discusses these advances and highlights the importance they have in expanding our understanding of myoblast migration dynamics.
骨骼肌修复需要成肌细胞（激活的卫星细胞）迁移到损伤部位，然后在伤口内迁移，以促进细胞排列，为分化、融合和最终愈合做准备。在这个过程中，细胞会遇到一系列可溶性和细胞外基质因子，这些因子调节着它们的运动，最终决定修复过程的成功程度。迁移不佳可能会导致多种情况，包括进入伤口的成肌细胞数量减少、排列不良以及分化不足，无法正确修复损伤。因此，理解成肌细胞迁移的各个方面非常关键，特别是在应对骨骼肌损伤后普遍存在的生长和基质因子谱的变化时。自 1962 年 Boyden 首次引入趋化性室以来，已经开发出许多体外迁移测定法来更接近地模拟伤口。这些方法的复杂性不断增加，以适应体内肌肉修复过程中发现的复杂微环境，包括一系列改良的细胞排斥、趋化性和三维测定法。本综述描述并讨论了这些进展，并强调了它们在扩展我们对成肌细胞迁移动力学的理解方面的重要性。
